Endocrine System Flashcards
Hormones
Chemical messengers act on target cells to initiate and regulate body system responses
Glands of the endocrine system
Hypothalamus
Pituitary Gland
Pineal Gland
Thyroid
Thymus
Adrenals
Pancreas
Gonads
Second messenger system
Hormone acts as first messenger. Delivers message to IMP which activates a G Protein to create cAMP which produces physologic change in the cell.
Lipid soluble hormones
Diffuse thru cell membrance and binds with receptor in cytosol. Then enters nucleus binds with specific gene and mRNA is made and specific protein is created.
Hypothalamus
Pituitary
Pineal
Hypo - Puppet master and controls autonomic functions as well as link between nervous and endocrine systems
Pituitary - Master gland that secretes hormones to stimulate other endocrine glands.
Pineal - releases melatonin to regulate circadian rhythms.
Thyroid
Parathyroid
Thyroid - secretes thyroid hormones to regulate cellular metabolism and calcitonin.
Parathyroid - secretes parathyroid hormone as agonist to calcitonin.
Thymus
Secretes Thymosin to develop and mature T cells.
Pancreas
Works as exocrine gland in digestive system and endocrine gland functions via pancreatic islets or islets of langerhans. These create beta cells which produce insulin and alpha cells producing glucagon.
Adrenal Glands
Cortex secretes corticoids and medulla creates catecholamines.
Distress and Eustress
Negatively affects body and eustress positively affects body Psychs you up!
HPA Axis
Hypothalamus
Pituitary
Adrenals
These all work together to sustain the fight against stressors after alarm response.
Neuroadaptation
brain adapts its chemistry to deal with stressors
Allostatis
Predisease state where body makes chemical and physical changes to deal with stressors
