Respiratory System Flashcards
What is the primary function of the respiratory system?
Provides oxygen needed for body and removes carbon dioxide. This process is called gas exchange.
What is considered to be a normal breathing rate?
Approximately 15 breaths per minute
What is the path the air takes through the organs in your respiratory system?
Mouth / nose, pharynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli
What two parts of the respiratory system have epithelial cells that produce mucus and have cilia?
Bronchi and trachea
What does mucus and Cilia help with?
They help to move foreign particles out of the respiratory system.
What are cilia?
Tiny hairs that help filter dirt and unwanted materials
The trachea is supported by a ring of what?
Cartilage
What does the cartilage surrounding the trachea help with?
It helps keep your airway open and allows air to flow freely
What is an alveolus?
A tiny air sac that is surrounded by a network of capillaries
True or false: the alveolus and capillaries have very thin walls to allow for oxygen and carbon dioxide to easily diffuse through them.
True
What organ system helps bring blood to the lungs?
The circulatory system
What is gas exchange?
When carbon dioxide diffuses out of the blood and oxygen diffuses in.
What is breathing?
The process of moving air in and out of our lungs
What muscle contracts and relaxes to help us breathe?
The diaphragm
Is breathing voluntary or involuntary?
It is involuntary, but can be temporarily overrided
True or false: are breathing is controlled by a part of the brain that detects the concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood.
True
What will happen to our breathing if we have too much carbon dioxide in our blood?
Your breathing will increase to allow more oxygen to come in and more carbon dioxide to come out
How does your body prevent food from going into your lungs
The epiglottis covers the trachea when you swallow
What are hiccups
Muscles of the diaphragm suddenly contracting. Air rushes into the mouth and the pharynx causing the epiglottis to snapshot. This is what causes the hiccup sound.
What are some causes of hiccups
Alcohol, bloated stomach, eating too fast, hot or fizzy drinks, swallowing air
How does an animal’s respiratory system depend on its circulatory system
The circulatory system carries oxygen and carbon dioxide that are exchanged by the respiratory system
Explain the difference between breathing and gas exchange
Everything is the intake and output of air. Gas exchange involves the diffusion of oxygen into the blood and the diffusion of carbon dioxide out of the blood
Describe the similarities and differences between the respiratory system of humans and fish
Both humans and Fish Exchange oxygen for carbon dioxide. Fish taken oxygenated water whereas humans taken air. Humans use lungs and fish use gills.
What is the formula for cellular respiration
C6H12O6 + O2 = CO2 + H2O + ATP (Energy)
