Circulatory System Flashcards
What are the three main parts of the circulatory system?
Blood, Blood vessels, heart
What is the primary function of the circulatory system
To transport substances such as nutrients oxygen waste and carbon dioxide around the body. It also AIDS in the regulation of body temperature and the transportation of white blood cells to fight infectious disease
What are the four components of our blood
Plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets
What is the structure and function of red blood cells
Red blood cells contain a protein called hemoglobin that turns bright red when oxygenated. They don’t have a nucleus so they carry more hemoglobin, but this also means that they don’t divide. Red blood cells are produced in the bone marrow. Their function is to transport oxygen around the body.
What is the structure and function of white blood cells
White blood cells have a nucleus, and there are many different types of white blood cells. White blood cells increase in number when you are fighting off an infection. The function of white blood cells is to protect your body against infections
What is the function of neutrophils
Kill bacteria, fungi, and foreign debris
What is the function of monocytes
Clean up damaged cells
What is the function of eosinophils
Kill parasites, cancer cells, and is involved in allergic response
What is the function of lymphocytes
Help fight viruses and make antibodies
What is the function of basophils
Involved an allergic response
What is the structure and function of platelets
Platelets are tiny fragments of larger cells produce in the bone marrow. They function in blood clotting, for example after a cut.
What is the structure and function of plasma
Plasma is a clear yellowish fluid. It moves blood cells, gases, nutrients, and wastes around the body through the circulatory system
What substance makes up the majority of your blood
Plasma
How much of your blood is composed of white blood cells and platelets
Less than 1%
How much of your blood is composed of white blood cells and platelets
Less than 1%
What are blood vessels
A network of two to carry blood around the body
What are arteries
Carry blood away from the heart. They have thick, elastic walls to withstand the high pressure of blood moving through them.
What are veins
Hairy blood towards the heart. They have a large capacity but thinner walls since blood flows with less pressure. They also have valves to prevent back flow of blood.
What are capillaries
Tiny blood vessels that connect arteries and veins. They are so small that only one cell can move through them at a time. The walls are very thin so oxygen and nutrients can easily diffuse in and out of the blood.
What is the primary function of your heart
To pump blood around the body
How many chambers does your heart have and what are they called
Your heart has four chambers. The left atria, the right atria, the left ventricle, and the right ventricle.
What muscle allows for tissue to contract at the same time
Cardiac muscle
What is a normal resting heart rate? What factors contribute to changing your heart rate?
A normal resting heart rate is 70 to 80 BPM. Many factors such a stress and exercise can change your heart rate.
Name at least four substances that are carried by the circulatory system
Blood, oxygen, nutrients, and carbon dioxide
Explain how the circulatory system interacts with the digestive system
The circulatory system obtains nutrients from the small intestine in the digestive system and transports it to all parts of the body
How is an angiogram different from a regular x-ray
A fluorescent dye is injected into your bloodstream to help show blockages. An ordinary x-ray does not include this dye.
What kind of tissue is found in the blood
Connective tissue
What kind of tissue is found in the blood vessels
Epithelial tissue, smooth muscle tissue, connective tissue
What kind of tissue is found in the heart
Cardiac muscle tissue, nerve tissue, epithelial tissue, connective tissue
How is cardiac muscle different from the smooth muscle that surrounds the digestive tract
Cardiac muscle goes through rhythmic contractions even without nerve input. Smooth muscle cells such as those in the digestive tract contract only with nerve input
What is coronary artery disease
A buildup of plaque in the arteries that supply the heart with blood. If the blockage becomes severe, this can cause a heart attack.
What are blood clot disorders
Blood clot disorders occur when blood clots too easily, so it blocks blood vessels. It can also occur when blood does not easily enough, and causes excessive bleeding.
