Respiratory System Flashcards
Why is the moistening and warming of air important?
To protect the structures of the lower respiratory tract.
Function of the epiglottis:
Flap of cartilage that closes when a person swallows
Function of glottis:
Glottis is the opening to the trachea and it must be closed when swallowing to prevent food from entering the lungs.
What happens to carbonic acid after it forms?
It dissociated into a hydrogen ion and bicarbonate ion.
Define “vital capacity”
The total volume of gas that can be moved into/out of the lungs.
Function of the nasal passages:
- Warm, moisten and clean inhaled air
What do ciliated cells do in the respiratory tract?
They move foreign particles back up the nose so they can be expelled.
What is the diaphragm?
A sheet of muscle that separates the organs of the thoracic cavity from those of the abdominal cavity.
Is breathing voluntary or involuntary?
Involuntary
What is/does the rib cage do?
The rib cage is muscles/bones that protect the lungs.
What are intercostal muscles?
muscles found between the ribs that extend to the diaphragm
What are hiccups?
Involuntary contractions of the diaphragm combine with contractions of the larynx.
What is the main organ of respiration?
The lungs
What requirements are needed for respiration to take place?
1) large surface area for maximul O2 & CO2 exchange
2) Moist environment to dissolve O2 and CO2
How do Bronchi and Bronchioles differ?
Bronchi are supported by cartilaginous rings, bronchioles are not
What are the organs of the upper respiratory tract?
1) nasal passages
2) pharynx
3) glottis
4) epiglottis
5) larynx
6) trachea
Define “inspiratory reserve volume”
Additional volume of air that can be taken into the lungs beyond a regular (tidal) volume.
How is the surface area of the nasal passages increased?
Turbinate bones
Function of the pharynx:
- passageway to the respiratory system
- carries food/water to the digestive tract
What is the function of the human respiratory system?
To ensure oxygen is being brought to each cell in the body.
To ensure CO2 can leave each cell and be removed from the body.
What is the pleural membrane?
A thin fluid-filled membrane that surrounds the lungs.
Define “expiratory reserve volume”
Additional volume of air that can be forced out of the lungs beyond a tidal inhalation.