RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

Question 1

What are the primary functions of the respritory system?

Answer 1

ventilation and gas exchange, filtering, warming, humidifying, sound production, smell, metabolism of hormones, acid-base balance

Question 2

External Respiration

Answer 2

the exchange of gases between the atmosphere and blood

Question 3

Internal Respiration

Answer 3

Gas exchange between capilary blood and the cells in tissues

Question 4

Cellular Respiration

Answer 4

the use of oxygen by cells that produce ATP by oxydizing glucose

Question 5

mediastinum

Answer 5

the space between the left and right lungs

Question 6

True/False
The right lung is smaller than the left lung

Answer 6

False
The right lung is larger and has 3 lobes while the left lung only has 2

Question 7

Bronchi subdivide into ___

Answer 7

Bronchioles

Question 8

how many bronchopulmonary segments does the right lung have

Answer 8

the right lung has 10 bronchopulmonary segments

Question 9

How many Bronchopulmonary segments does the left lung have

Answer 9

the left lung has 8 bronchopulmonary segments

Question 10

A typical lung has how many alveoli

Answer 10

500 million

Question 11

pulmonary ventilation

Answer 11

pulmonary ventilation refers to the alternating flow of air into and out of the lungs due to the actions of various respritory muscles

Question 12

Instpiratory Muscles

Answer 12

Expand the rib cage and drive airflow into lungs
Involves Diaphragm, external intercoastals, sternocleiodmastoid, and scalenes

Question 13

Expiratory Muscles

Answer 13

depresses or compresses the rib cage forcing air out the lungs
Involves: internal intercoastals, and abdominal muscles

Question 14

inspiration occurs when…

Answer 14

pressure in the lungs is less than the atmospheric pressure

Question 15

expiration occurs when…

Answer 15

pressure in the lungs is greater than the pressure in the atmosphere

Question 16

Atmospheric pressure at sea level is

Answer 16

760mmhg

Question 17

Anotomic Dead Space is

Answer 17

The region in the respritory tract where no gas exchange occurs

Question 18

The spirogram is used to

Answer 18

the spirogram is used to measure lung volumes over time

Question 19

Inspiratory capacity=

Answer 19

tidal volume+Inspiratory reserve volume

Question 20

vital capacity=

Answer 20

(the volume you can control)
Expiratory reserve volume + Tidal volume + Inspiratory reserve volume

Question 21

Functional residual capacity=

Answer 21

Expiratory reserve volume + residual volume

Question 22

what can casuse a decrease in lung complience

Answer 22

thickening and stiffining of lung tissue

Question 23

what is Daltons Law?

Answer 23

Daltons Law:
In a mixture of gases each gas will exert a pressure that is proportional to its concentration.

Question 24

Deoxygenated blood has a __ PO2 and ___ PCO2

Answer 24

Deoxygenated blood has a lower PO2 and a higher PCO2

Question 25

Oxygenated blood has a __ PCO2 and __ PO2

Answer 25

Oxygenated blood has a lower PCO2 and a higher PO2

Question 26

Durring Cellular Respiration glucose & O2 get converted into

Answer 26

CO2 & H20 and Energy

Question 27

The most direct and accurate way to measure whole body O2 uptake is by the

Answer 27

Fick Method

Question 28

two forms in which O2 is transported

Answer 28

1. Bound to hemoglobin ( 98.5%) 2. Dissolved in the plasma (1.5%)

Question 29

Venous Blood

Answer 29

deoxygenated blood

Question 30

an increase in PH causes

Answer 30

a decrease in tempeture a decrease in blood PCO2

Question 31

Normal Hb content levels in males and females

Answer 31

males: ~ 16 Hb/dl females: ~ 14 Hb/dl

Question 32

Hypoxia

Answer 32

lack of O2 at the tissue level

Question 33

Anemia

Answer 33

Lowered ability of blood to carry oxygen due to low blood RBC count or Hb concentration

Question 34

Hypoxemia

Answer 34

Low blood O2 due to low blood Hb saturation

Question 35

3 ways CO2 is transported in blood

Answer 35

1. in plasma as bicarbonate(HCO3-) ions (~70%) 2. Bound to hemogloin as carbaminohemoglobin(~23%) 3. raw CO2 dissolved in plasma (~7%)

Question 36

our planet is made up of how much N2, O2, and CO2

Answer 36

79% N2, 21% O2, and <1%CO2

Question 37

where does gas exchange occur

Answer 37

Alveoli

Question 38

Pulmonary flow is

Answer 38

deoxygenates blood being pumed to the lungs from right side of heart

Question 39

nutritional flow is

Answer 39

parrt of the systemic system coming from the bronchial arteries to the lungs

Question 40

true/false you can control the intraplurall pressure

Answer 40

true

Question 41

the intraplural presure at sea level

Answer 41

756mmhg

Question 42

what kind of tissue can be found in the alveoli

Answer 42

simple squamous epithelium Function:diffusion

Question 43

what kind of tissue can be found in the mouth and esophagus

Answer 43

stratified squamous Epithelium Function: a protective barrier

Question 44

what kind of tissue can be found in the nasal cavity, trachea and bronchi

Answer 44

psudostratified cilliated columnar epithelium Function secrestion and movment of mucus

Question 45

what kind of tissue can be found on the noe, parts of the larynx, trachea and bronchi

Answer 45

hyaline cartilage Function: flexibility and support

Question 46

what kind of tissue can be found on the epiglottis and larynx

Answer 46

Elastic cartilage function:provides strength and elasticity