digestion Flashcards
stages of the digestive system
ingestion
digestion
absorption
compaction
defecation
mechanical digestion is
thephisical breakdown of food into smaller particles
chemical digestion is
a series of hydrolysis reactions that break diatert macromolecules into thier monomers
another name for the digestive tract
alimentary canal
components of the digestive tract
mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestion
the accessory organs of the digestive system are
teeth tounge salivary glands, liver, gallblader, and pancrease
the most inner layer of the digestive tract
mucosa layer
made up of epithelium, lamina propria, and muscularis mucosae
what type of tissue can be found in the lamina propria
loose connective tissue
waht tissue makes up the muscularis mucosae
a thin layer of smooth muscle
the serosa is composed of
a thin layer of areolar tissue topped by a simple squamous mesothelium
where can no serosa be found
the pharynx, esophagus and rectum
insreat of serosa the pharynx, esophagus and rectum have
adventitia
the nervous network in the esophagus stomach and intestines is called
the enteric nervous system
the enterie nervous system is influenced by what other nervous system
the central nervous system
the myenteric plexus controls
peristalsis and other contractions of the muscularis externa
the submucosal plexus controls
movments of the muscularis mucosae and glandular secretion of the mucosa
the parietal peritoneum is a
serous membrane that lines the wall of the abdominal cavity
mesenteries function is to
hold the absominal viscera in their proper locatuon and provide passage for blood vessels and nerves that supply digestive tract
the __ is embeded in the lesser omeutum
bile duct
the mesentery of the colon is called the
mesocolon
the greater omentum plays a role in
the first line of defecse against toxins and infections
the greater omentum has clusters of lymphatic tissue that collect bacteria ans initiate an immune response
intraperitoneal or peritoneal cavity is when
an organ is enclosed by mesentary(seosa) on all sides
when a organ is partially covered by peritoneum it is called
retroperitoneal
Examples: liver, stomach
short reflexs act through the
myesnteric plexus
long refexes act through the
autonomic nerve fibers
two hormones the digestive tract produces
gastrin and secretin
functions of the oral(buccal) cavity
ingestion, tase and other sensory responsees, mastication, chemical digestion, swallowing, speech, and repiration
mastication
chewing
the mouth is lined with what type of tissue
stratifyed squamous epithelium
labial frenulum
attaches each lip to the gum
ingual papille is the site of
most taste buds
how long is the small intestine
3m or 10ft
incisors
the anterior chisel-like cutting teeth used to bite off a peice of food
canines
the teeth that are more pointed and act to shred
premolars and molars are used for
chrushing, shreding, grinding
wach tooth is embeded in a socket called
an alveolus
the enteric nervous system is composed of what two networks
the sub mucosal plexus and the myenteric plexus
