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Science - 1st quarterly Biology > Respiratory system > Flashcards

Respiratory system Flashcards

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1
Q

The process wherein food is broken down in the cells with the help of oxygen to release energy.

A

Respiration

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2
Q

Simply defined as the physical process of inhalation and exhalation wherein oxygen is obtained and carbon dioxide is expelled

A

Breathing

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3
Q

Waste product of cells

A

Carbon dioxide

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4
Q

Gas exchange occurs between the alveoli of the lungs and blood

A

External respiration

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5
Q

The blood transports the oxygen from the alveoli to the cells and carbon dioxide is transported from the cells to the alveoli.

A

Transport of respiratory gas

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6
Q

Gas exchange occurs between the blood and cells

A

Internal respiration

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7
Q

2 types respiratory tracts

A

upper and lower respiratory tract

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8
Q

It is the first entry of the inhaled air.

A

Nostrils or nares

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9
Q

lined with mucus that traps microorganisms and other debris in the inhaled air.

A

vestibule region

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10
Q

First line of defense against foreign invaders that may enter the body.

A

Vestibule region

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10
Q

It sweeps the trapped foreign particles out.

A

Cilia

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11
Q

Warms the inhaled air so that is temperature comes close to the normal body temperature.

A

Respiratory region

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12
Q

3 parts of pharynx

A

Nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx

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13
Q

Serves as the common chamber for the inhaled air and ingested food.

A

Pharynx

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14
Q

A flap of tissue that makes sure that the bolus will go to the food pipe.

A

Epiglottis

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15
Q

It is also referred to as the voice box.

A

Larynx

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16
Q

It is surrounded with hyaline cartilage that gives strength and flexibility to the tracheal muscles.

A

Trachea

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17
Q

It is the entry point of the air to the lungs.

A

Bronchi

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18
Q

These are the actual site of gas exchange.

A

Alveoli

19
Q

A process wherein substances move from an area of high concentration to one of lower concentration.

A

Diffusion

20
Q

Sum of all partial pressures

A

total pressure

21
Q

General reason why gas exchange occurs.

A

process of diffusion

22
Q

Once oxygen is bound to hemoglobin, it is now a complex structure called?

A

Oxyhemoglobin

23
Q

Once CO2 is bound to hemoglobin, it it now a complex structure called?

A

Carbaminohemoglobin

24
Q

Obtained in the alveoli and delivered by RBCs to the cells

A

Oxygen

25
Q

The case that protects the lungs

A

rib cage

26
Q

The bone found on the chest at the center

A

sternum

27
Q

The bone surrounding the lungs

A

ribs

28
Q

The bone found at the dorsal (back) side

A

vertebrae

29
Q

The lungs expand to accommodate air with the help of the ___________ located between the bones.

A

Intercostal muscles

30
Q

It moves down during inhalation to accommodate the inhaled air.

A

Diaphragm

31
Q

The key to gas exchange.

A

Diffusion

32
Q

In some vertebrates, diffusion of gases can occur across their skin surfaces.

A

Cutaneous respiration

33
Q

For cutaneous respiration to be possible, the _______ should be moist and highly vascularized so that oxygen and carbon dioxide can diffuse easily.

A

Epidermis

34
Q

The reddish portion of the fish

A

Gills

35
Q

The mechanism where the blood and water flow in the OPPOSITE direction.

A

countercurrent exchange

36
Q

The mechanism where the blood and water flow in the SAME direction.

A

concurrent exchange

37
Q

For gas exchange to occur, there should be ___________ between two media.

A

pressure difference

38
Q

Insects have lungs. True or false?

A

False

39
Q

Openings of the abdomen of insects are called?

A

spiracles

40
Q

Oxygen from the outside will then go to the largest tubes known as the _______.

A

trachea

41
Q

Enlarged portions of the trachea that require a huge oxygen supply in the tracheal system

A

air sacs

42
Q

Adapted to suit the needs of the organism.

A

Respiratory organs

43
Q

The airways become narrow and swelling is evident.

A

Asthma

44
Q

The alveoli in one or both lungs are inflamed and filled with fluid or pus.

A

Pneumonia

45
Q

Abnormal growth of lung cells.

A

Lung cancer

46
Q

A disease wherein airflow from the lungs is obstructed.

A

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Science - 1st quarterly Biology (5 decks)

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