Respiratory System Flashcards
What are the general functions of the respiratory system?
Air distribution
Gas exchange
Describe gas exchange in the respiratory system
Supply O2 to cells
Remove CO2 from cells
Describe the divisions of the respiratory tract
Upper and lower respiratory tract
What are the organs of the upper respiratory tract?
Nose
Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Laryngopharynx
Larynx
Describe the organs of the lower respiratory tract
Trachea
Bronchial tree
Lungs
What is the location of the URT?
Outside the thorax
What is the location of the LRT?
Within the thorax
What is the primary passageway for air is the RS?
Nose
What is the internal portion of the nose divided by the septum?
Nasal cavity
What are the passageways of the nasal cavity?
Superior meatus
Middle meatus
Inferior meatus
Describe the nasal mucosa
Lined with ciliated epithelium
Contain mucus secreting goblet cells
Rich blood supply
Olfactory nerve cells
The olfactory nerve is cranial nerve?
1
What are the paranasal sinuses?
- 4 pairs of air containing spaces -Open or drain into nasal cavity
Name the types of paranasal sinuses
Frontal
Ethmoid
Sphenoid
Maxillary
Describe the functions of the nose
Passageway for air to and from lungs
Filters air
Aids speech
Olfaction
What is the pharynx?
Tube like structure extends from skull base to oesophagus
What are the divisions of the pharynx?
Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Laryngopharynx
Location of the Nasopharynx?
Nasal cavity
Location of the Oropharynx
Oral cavity
Location of the Laryngopharynx
Voice box
What are the tonsils located in the pharynx? And their location
Pharyngeal tonsils- located in the Nasopharynx
Palatine tonsils- located in oropharynx
What is the function of the pharynx?
Pathway of respiratory and digestive tracts
What is the larynx?
The voice box
What is the location of the voice box?
Between the root of tongue and upper end of trachea
The larynx structure consists of:
Cartilages attached by muscle
Lined by ciliated mucous membrane
forms vestibular folds and vocal folds
What are the cartilages of the larynx?
3 single: thyroid, cricoid, epiglottic
3 paired: arytenoid, corniculate, cuneiform
Larynx muscles
Conducts air between pharynx and trachea
Prevents food from entering lower airways
Vocalization
Ciliary escalator removes contaminants
