Respiratory System Flashcards
Functions of the Respiratory System
-facilitates gas exchange between oxygen and carbon dioxide
-regulation of blood pH in blood; carbon dioxide makes the blood acidic 7.35-7.45
-Phonation (to speak, voicebox/larynx)
-Olfactory sensations (sense of smell)
-Excretion - excretes carbon dioxide, water vapor and heat
Define respiration.
-also known as breathing
-physiologically defined as the movement of dissolved gases into and out of the lungs
Define 3 types of respiration.
External Respiration - tissue (alveoli/blood) to environment and vice versa
Internal Respiration - blood to tissue/cells in tissue
Cellular Respiration - oxygen processing nutrients to release energy
Phases of Respiration
Inspiration/Inhalation
Expiration/Exhalation
Key Muscles in Breathing
Intercostal/Rib Muscles
Diaphragm
Parts of the respiratory system and functions.
include:
mucociliary system
paranasal sinuses
throat/pharynx
epiglottis
windpipe/trachea
epithelium
bronchi/bronchus
alveolialveolus
.
respiratory epithelium
pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium with goblet cells
Why is the left lung bigger?
The liver displaces the diaphragm, which is located at the right portion f the body. Thus, making the right lung smaller to make space.
Why does the right lung have 3 lobes while the left lung only has 2?
Because of the heart: the left lung has to make more space (cardiac impression).
2 parts of bronchioles and which goes first?
terminal and respiratory
-terminal goes first
3 parts of bronchi
Main (Primary) Bronchi
Secondary (Lobar) Bronchu
Tertiary (Segmental) Bronchi
Define hilum.
entryway of bronchi/blood vessels/nerves
What do goblet cells produce?
mucus
information about basement membranes
basement membrane in capillaries touches the basement membrane in alveoli for efficient gas exchange, and to oxygenate the blood.
Define macrophages.
-they are called dust cells in the lungs
-have the ability to kill/phagocytose whatever surpassed the protective mechanisms of the respiratory system
