Respiratory system Flashcards
function and strucutre
supply the body with oxygen and dispose of carbon dioxide
inspiration
External intercostal muscles contract and pull the ribs up and out
Diaphragm contracts and flattens
Process of gas exchange
Pulmonary ventilation
[movement of O2 into lungs and C02 out]
external inspiration
[alveolar gas exchange, 02 into blood and C02 into alveoli]
gas transport
[oxygen travels in blood vessels to body]
internal inspiration
[systemic gas exchange, 02 into body tissues and cells, C02 into blood to be expelled]
expiration
- external intercostal muscles relax
- diaphragm relaxes and domes (up)
- lung volume decreases and air pressure increases
Forced breathing
The use of accessory muscles
- trapezius
lung compliance
The ease with which lungs and chest wall expand and stretch.
easier they expand = greater compliance
tidal volume
Amount of air taken into and expelled out of lungs during quiet breath
Total lung capacity
total amount of air that can be in the lungs
vital capacity
The amount of air lungs are capable of holding
upper respiratory tact
Nose and nasal cavity
paranasal sinuses
pharynx
lower respiratory tract
Larynx trachea bronchial tree bronchioles Alveoli ducts Alveoli
how is oxygen transported in the blood
Dissolved in plasma 2%
Bound to hemoglobin ion (98%
how is C02 transported in the blood?
- dissolved in plasma (7%)
- bound to globin in hemoglobin (23%)
- Undergoes bicarbonate buffer system (70%)
paranasal sinuses
lined with epithelium so trapped particles are swept by cilia into nasal cavity and the pharynx.
Pharynx - superior to inferior
nasopharynx
oropharynx
laryngopharynx
