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Physiology > Respiratory physiology > Flashcards

Respiratory physiology Flashcards

1
Q

How many generations of airways in the respiratory system?

A

23

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2
Q

What cells produce surfactant?

A

Type 2 pneumocytes

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3
Q

Macrophages in the lungs

A

Alveolar macrophages

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4
Q

most common cause of hemoptysis

A

Nasopharyngeal CA

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5
Q

Maintains oxygenation in between breaths

A

Residual volume

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6
Q

Resting volume of the lung

A

Functional residual capacity

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7
Q

Elasticity is __________ in emphysema

A

Decreased

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8
Q

Carbon dioxide and oxygen during strenuous exercise and disease states is characterized by _______gas exchange

A

Diffusion limited

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9
Q

Gases with perfusion limited gas exchange

A

N2O O2 and CO2 under normal conditions

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10
Q

Hemoglobin with ferric iron

A

Methemoglobin

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11
Q

Alpha2 gamma2 hemoglobin

A

Fetal hgb

HbF

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12
Q

Shape of oxygen hgb dissociation curve

A

Sigmoidal

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13
Q

Binding of first oxygen molecule increases affinity for second molecule

A

Positive cooperativity

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14
Q

Chloride bicarbonate exchange in RBCs

A

Chloride shift

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15
Q

Majority of carbon dioxide in blood

A

Bicarbonate (90%)

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16
Q

Site of highest ventilation

A

Base of lungs

17
Q

Inspiratory center which controls basic rhythm for normal inspiration

A

Dorsal respiratory group

18
Q

Overdrive mechanism

A

Ventral respiratory group

19
Q

Initiates hering-breuer reflex

A

Lung stretch receptors

20
Q

Responsible for feeling of dyspnea in left sided heart failure

A

J cells

21
Q

Peripheral chemoreceptors respond to _________

A

Low PaO2

22
Q

Found in the lower pons and decreases respiratory rate

A

Apneustic center

23
Q

Pneumotaxic center function

A

Increases respiratory rate

Found in upper pons

24
Q

Causes of pulmonary global hypoxic vasoconstriction

A

High altitude

Fetal circulation

25
Q

Active component of surfactant

A

Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine DPPC

26
Q

Muscles for forced inspiration

A

External intercostals, SCM, Anterior serratus

27
Q

Muscle involved in normal expiration

A

None

28
Q

Anatomic dead space

A

150 ml

29
Q

Alveolar dead space in healthy humans

A

0 ml

30
Q

Vital capacity is the sum of ______ + ________ + _________

A

IRV + ERV + TV

31
Q

Tidal volume is approximately _____ ml

A

500

32
Q

Pulmonary hypertension > _____mmHg

A

25

33
Q

FEV1/FVC ratio of a healthy person

A

0.8

34
Q

Conducting zone of the airways

A

Nose to terminal bronchioles

Physiology (10 decks)

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