Respiratory one marks

Question 1

Define XDR - TB

Answer 1

MDR - TB + Fluroquinolones and Secondary drugs resistance

Question 2

Antigenic variations occurring in influenza virus results in ………. & ……………..

Answer 2

Antigenic shift (point mutations leads to epidemic) and Antigenic Drift (genetic reassortment leads to pandemic)

Question 3

Mercury drops or bisected pearls appearance is seen in…………………….

Answer 3

Nasopharyngeal culture is gold standard, Regan and Lowe medium, gives greyish white colonies (look like Mercury droplets) - Bordetella Pertussis

Question 4

Eaton’s agent

Answer 4

Mycoplasma Pneumonia (causing walking pneumonia)

Question 5

Special stain used to see granules in C. diphtheriae

Answer 5

Metachromatic granules - Albert stain

Question 6

Cough plate method is used in

Answer 6

B. Pertussis

Question 7

Koplik’s spots appear during the prodromal (initial stage when u don’t have any eruption of the papules) period of __________

Answer 7

Measles

Question 8

Give 2 examples of parasite causing respiratory infections

Answer 8

Cryptococcus,

Question 9

Infectious mononucleosis is diagnosed by _________

Answer 9

Heterophile agglutination test (Paul-Bunnell test), EBV specific antibody test (Viral caspid antigen VCA, Early antigen EA, Epstein barr nuclear EBNA)

Question 10

Gene targets for confirmation of COVID -19 include:
a. Spike protein (S)
b. Envelope protein (E)
c. Membrane protein (M)
d. RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp)

Answer 10

Rdrp (specific for SARS - CoV 2)

Question 11

Coxiella Burnetti causes

Answer 11

Q fever

Question 12

Fancisella tularensis causes

Answer 12

Pulmonary Tularemia (from rabbits)

Question 13

Orientia tsutsugamushi causes

Answer 13

Scrub typhus