Respiratory Cognitive Questions Flashcards
A 65-year-old man presented with complaints of low-grade fever & nonproductive cough for the past one week. No organisms could be obtained from routine sputum culture but cold agglutination test was positive.
a) What is the clinical diagnosis?
b) Name the pathogen that is responsible for the above clinical scenario.
c) Name a culture medium to isolate the infecting pathogen.
d) What antibiotic are not suitable for treating these infections?
a) Atypical Pneumonia
b) Mycoplasma Pneumonia
c) PPLO broth - Turbidity and color change
PPLO agar - Fried egg appearance
d) Azithromycin, Doxycycline, Fluroquinolones - “My Great Lungs”
Atypical pneumonia (DOC: Macrolides and Tetracycline)
Typical pneumonia (DOC: Ceftriaxone or other broad spectrum antibiotics)
A 56-year-old man presented with complaints of high-grade fever, productive
cough of yellow-green sputum. On examination, dull note on percussion and
consolidation on auscultation were noted. He had a long history of chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
a) What is the clinical diagnosis?
b) Name the pathogen that is responsible for the above clinical manifestations.
c) Name the agar which is best for isolation of the infecting organism.
d) Name the vaccine used for the prevention.
a) Typical Pneumonia
b) Hemophilus influenzae - yellowish green sputum
c) Chocolate agar
d) HIB - type B is the most invasive form
A 16-month-old boy was admitted with fever, lethargy, productive cough with
purulent sputum and shortness of breath. On examination, dull note on
percussion and consolidation on auscultation were noted. Sputum and blood
specimens were obtained, and sent for bacteriological culture. Gram stain of the sputum sample revealed gram-positive cocci in pairs, lanceolate shape.
a) What is the clinical diagnosis?
b) What is the causative organism?
c) What is the vaccine that can be given to prevent this condition?
d) What are the other infections caused by the above identified organism?
a) Typical Pneumococcal Pneumonia
b) Streptococcus Pneumonia - rusty sputum
c) Polysaccharide vaccine, Conjugate vaccine
d) Sinusitis, Meningitis, Otitis media
An 8-year-old child throat of 3 days duration. On examination the child was
dyspnoeic and throat examination revealed white patch (bleeds on removal) around both the tonsillar regions.
a) What is the clinical diagnosis?
b) What is the causative organism and morphology of this organism?
c) Mention the pathogenesis involved in the above case.
d) What is the selective media used for the isolation of the above identified
organism?
a) Diphtheria
b) Corynebacterium Diphtheriae
c) Diphtheria toxin Fragment A and B, Binds to EF2 and inhibits protein synthesis
d) Selenite test (Loeffler’s medium), Tellurite test (Potassium tellurite agar)
Rajesh, a 28-year-old male, was admitted to the hospital with complaints of lowgrade fever, loss of weight and appetite and chronic cough with expectoration for
past 6 months. Sputum examination revealed long, slender and beaded acid-fast
bacilli.
a) What is the clinical diagnosis?
b) Which is the gold standard method for the isolation of the organism?
c) What is the molecular test done for the detection with turnaround time of 2
hrs?
d) What is the vaccine used for the prevention?
a) TB
b) LJ medium (Lowenstein Jensen)
c) Gene expert test (For rifampin sensitivity)
d) BCG
