Respiratory Muscles + Vocabulary Flashcards
diaphragm
increase pleural volume when contracted
primary muscle of inspiration
external intercostals
elevate ribs and increase pleural space
primary muscle of inspiration
internal intercostals
elevate ribs and increase pleural space
primary muscle of inspiration
sternocleidomastoid
elevates sternum and clavicle when head is fixed
forces inspiration, accessory muscle
scalenus
elevates first and second ribs when head is fixed
forced inspiration, accessory muscle
pectoralis major
elevates ribs when humerus is fixed
forced inspiration,
accessory muscle
pectoralis minor
elevates ribs when humerus is fixed
forced inspiration, accessory muscle
serratus anterior
elevate ribs when scapula is fixed
forced inspiration
accessory muscle
trapezius
elevate spine when clavicle and scapulae are fixed
forced inspiration, accessory muscle
rectus abdominis
compresses abdominal cavity
forced expiration, accessory muscle
external oblique
compresses abdominal cavity
forced expiration, accessory muscle
internal oblique
compresses abdominal
forced expiration, accessory muscle
transversus abdominis
compresses abdominal cavity
forced expiration, accessory muscle
tidal volume
amount of air displaced between inhalation and exhalation (normal breathing)
approx 500mL young men
approx 400mL young women
inspiratory capacity
max amount of air displaced when extra effort is applied during inhalation
inspiratory reserve
the max amount of air that can be drawn into lungs by extra effort after normal inhalation
ventilation
contraction of respiratory muscles that expand the thoracic cavity, creating a negative pressure environment between atmosphere and thorax
diffusion
gas exchange between oxygen and carbon dioxide in alveoli
perfusion
passage of oxygen to body’s peripheral cells
