Respiratory Muscles + Vocabulary

Question 1

diaphragm

Answer 1

increase pleural volume when contracted

primary muscle of inspiration

Question 2

external intercostals

Answer 2

elevate ribs and increase pleural space

primary muscle of inspiration

Question 3

internal intercostals

Answer 3

elevate ribs and increase pleural space

primary muscle of inspiration

Question 4

sternocleidomastoid

Answer 4

elevates sternum and clavicle when head is fixed

forces inspiration, accessory muscle

Question 5

scalenus

Answer 5

elevates first and second ribs when head is fixed

forced inspiration, accessory muscle

Question 6

pectoralis major

Answer 6

elevates ribs when humerus is fixed

forced inspiration,
accessory muscle

Question 7

pectoralis minor

Answer 7

elevates ribs when humerus is fixed

forced inspiration, accessory muscle

Question 8

serratus anterior

Answer 8

elevate ribs when scapula is fixed

forced inspiration
accessory muscle

Question 9

trapezius

Answer 9

elevate spine when clavicle and scapulae are fixed

forced inspiration, accessory muscle

Question 10

rectus abdominis

Answer 10

compresses abdominal cavity

forced expiration, accessory muscle

Question 11

external oblique

Answer 11

compresses abdominal cavity

forced expiration, accessory muscle

Question 12

internal oblique

Answer 12

compresses abdominal

forced expiration, accessory muscle

Question 13

transversus abdominis

Answer 13

compresses abdominal cavity

forced expiration, accessory muscle

Question 14

tidal volume

Answer 14

amount of air displaced between inhalation and exhalation (normal breathing)

approx 500mL young men
approx 400mL young women

Question 15

inspiratory capacity

Answer 15

max amount of air displaced when extra effort is applied during inhalation

Question 16

inspiratory reserve

Answer 16

the max amount of air that can be drawn into lungs by extra effort after normal inhalation

Question 17

ventilation

Answer 17

contraction of respiratory muscles that expand the thoracic cavity, creating a negative pressure environment between atmosphere and thorax

Question 18

diffusion

Answer 18

gas exchange between oxygen and carbon dioxide in alveoli

Question 19

perfusion

Answer 19

passage of oxygen to body’s peripheral cells