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Health Science Theory > Respiratory/Hematology/Vital Signs > Flashcards

Respiratory/Hematology/Vital Signs Flashcards

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1
Q

Organs of the respiratory system do three things

A
  • Bring fresh air into lungs
  • Exchange oxygen for carbon dioxide
  • Exhale stale air
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2
Q

These organs are apart of which system? Nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchial tubes, and lungs

A

Respiratory system

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3
Q

The __________ and ___________ systems work together on gas exchange

A

Respiratory and cardiovascular

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4
Q

Interruption of respiration can cause _____ ________ or _______

A

Brain damage or death

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5
Q

3 parts of respiration

A

Ventilation, external respiration, and internal respiration

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6
Q

The flow of air between the outside environment and the lungs in 2 stages is called?

A

Ventilation

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7
Q

The 2 stages of ventilation are?

A

Inhalation and Exhalation

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8
Q

The flow of air into the lungs ; bringing fresh oxygen

A

Inhalaltion

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9
Q

The flow of air out of the lungs ; removing carbon dioxide

A

Exhalation

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10
Q

The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs

A

External respiration

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11
Q

________ leaves air sacs and enters the bloodstream

A

Oxygen

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12
Q

________ _________ leaves the bloodstream and enters air sacs

A

Carbon dioxide

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13
Q

The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide at the cellular level

A

Internal respiration

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14
Q

________ is needed for cell metabolism

A

Oxygen, it leaves the bloodstream and is delivered to the cells

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15
Q

________ ________ is a waste product

A

Carbon dioxide, it leaves the cells and enters bloodstream for disposal by the lungs

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16
Q

Air enters nasal cavity at the ______

A

Nares

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17
Q

4 things mucous membrane does

A
  • Secretes mucus
  • Cleans air by trapping particles
  • Helps moisturize the air
  • Capillaries in membrane warm air
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18
Q

___________ sinuses aid in sound production and voice resonance

A

Paranasal

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19
Q

This is 5 inches long and is divided into the nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx.

A

Pharynx

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20
Q

The ________ are located in the pharynx and capture pathogens

A

Tonsils

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21
Q

The opening of the eustachian tube is in the ___________

A

Nasopharynx

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22
Q

This is a muscular structure made of cartilaginous plates between the pharynx and trachea

A

Larynx

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23
Q

The vocal cords(folds) make sound by vibrating as air passes through the _______

A

Glottis

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24
Q

The ____________ is an opening between the folds that prevents food and liquid from being inhaled into the lungs

A

Epiglottis

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25
Q

This is a tube composed of smooth muscle and cartilage rings

A

Trachea

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26
Q

This carries air from the larynx to the main bronchi and is lined with mucous membrane and cilia

A

Trachea

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27
Q

The distal end of the trachea divides into the left and right main ________

A

Bronchi

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28
Q

The narrowest branches are bronchioles and they terminate in _________

A

Alveoli

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29
Q

Each _______ is a total collection of bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli

A

Lung

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30
Q

The outer, parietal pleura lines the ______ _______

A

Chest cavity

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31
Q

The inner, visceral pleura adheres to the ______ ________

A

Lung surface

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32
Q

The right lung has ___ lobes

A

3

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33
Q

The left lung has ___ lobes

A

2

34
Q

When diaphragm contracts, it ________ thoracic volume and _______ thoracic pressure

A

Increase ; Decreases

35
Q

__________ ________ assist by further enlarging the cavity

A

Intercostal muscles

36
Q

When the diaphragm and intercostals relax, the thoracic cavity becomes ________ and its pressure _________

A

Smaller ; Increases

37
Q

Unforced breaths are ________

A

Passive

38
Q

Forced breaths are ________

A

Active

39
Q

Respiratory rate is regulated by _______ ________ in the blood

A

Carbon dioxide

40
Q

When the carbon dioxide level is high, breathing is rapid to _______ the waste

A

Expel

41
Q

The average adult has about ___ liters of blood

A

5

42
Q

What color is the blood cell erythrocytes?

A

Red

43
Q

What color is the blood cell leukocytes?

A

White

44
Q

What type is the blood cell thrombocytes?

A

Platelets

45
Q

The production of blood cells which take place in the bone marrow

A

Hematopoiesis

46
Q

Red blood cells and plasma _________ substances in the body

A

Transport

47
Q

White blood cells fight __________

A

Infection

48
Q

Thrombocytes are blood cells which ________ the blood clotting process

A

Initiate

49
Q

About ____ of the blood is plasma

A

55%

50
Q

These are eunucleated, bioncave disks

A

Eryhthrocytes

51
Q

Pigment makes cells red, contains iron, responsible for transporting oxygen

A

Hemoglobin

52
Q

These cells are spherical with a large nucleus

A

Leukocytes

53
Q

These cells agglutinate at site of damage and release substances that contribute to coagulation

A

Thrombocytes

54
Q

Blood with Rh factor proteins is Rh positive and ______ make anti-Rh antibodies

A

Doesn’t

55
Q

Blood without Rh factor proteins is Rh negative, and ______ makes anti-Rh antibodies

A

Does

56
Q

Rh positive blood has no antibodies and ______ attack Rh-negative blood

A

Can’t

57
Q

Rh negative blood has antibodies and ______ attack Rh positive blood

A

Can

58
Q

Universal donor

A

O-

59
Q

Universal recipient

A

AB+

60
Q

Clot in the arteries or capillaries feeding the lungs

A

PE (Pulmonary embolism)

61
Q

Clot in the coronary arteries feeding the myocardium (heart muscle) causing muscle to die from lack of oxygen

A

Heart attack

62
Q

A clot in the blood vessel in the brain that deprives the brain tissue of oxygen

A

Stroke

63
Q

Clot that has traveled from its original site

A

Embol/o

64
Q

Clot at its original site

A

Thromb/o

65
Q

Body temperature is regulated by the __________

A

Hypothalamus

66
Q

The normal, average temperature for adults is?

A

98.6

67
Q

Tympanic thermometer measures the temperature on the _________

A

Eardrum

68
Q

Temporal artery thermometers measure the temperature of arteries on either side of the ________

A

Head

69
Q

A pulse located on the radial artery at the wrist

A

Radial

70
Q

A pulse taken by using a stethoscope directly over heart

A

Apical

71
Q

A pulse taken at either of the 2 main arteries on either side of the neck

A

Carotid

72
Q

Average resting pulse rates per minute for teenagers

A

60-100bpm

73
Q

Average resting pulse rates per minute for children

A

70-120bmp

74
Q

Average resting pulse rates per minute for infants

A

120-160bpm

75
Q

Breathing that sounds like snoring

A

Stertorous breathing

76
Q

Unusually slow rate of breathing

A

Bradypnea

77
Q

Difficult breathing is usually observed as shortness of breath

A

Dyspnea

78
Q

Rapid, shallow breathing due to lungs only partially filling

A

Tachypnea

79
Q

Systolic or Diastolic? Heart muscle contracts ; first heard beat

A

Systolic

80
Q

Systolic or Diastolic? Heart muscle relaxes ; last heard beat

A

Diastolic

81
Q
A

Health Science Theory (5 decks)

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