Digestive System/Diseases/Nutrition

Question 1

Hanging down from posterior edge of soft palate that is the gag reflex is?

Answer 1

Uvula

Question 2

Transports food from mouth to esophagus and transports air from nose

Answer 2

Pharnyx

Question 3

Muscular, flexible tube about 10 inches long that takes food from mouth to stomach through peristalsis

Answer 3

Esophagus

Question 4

Muscular organ that collects food and churns it with digestive juices and makes hydrochloric acid and chyme

Answer 4

Stomach

Question 5

Breaks down food and absorbs nutrients into bloodstream. 20 ft long, 1 in diameter

Answer 5

Small Intestine

Question 6

Ascending, transverse, descending colon and turns excess into solid and terminates at rectum. 5 ft long, 2 in diameter

Answer 6

Large Intestine

Question 7

Where feces is stored and leads into anus which contains anal sphincter

Answer 7

Rectum

Question 8

Processes nutrients absorbed by intestines and produces bile which is important for digestion of fats

Answer 8

Liver

Question 9

Stores bile produced by liver until needed by small intestine

Answer 9

Gallbladder

Question 10

Produces buffers and pancreatic enzymes that produces insulin and glucagon

Answer 10

Pancreas

Question 11

Inflammation and infection of appendix, RLQ abdominal pain, high WBC count

Answer 11

Appendicitis

Question 12

Inflammation of gallbladder, pain in upper abdomen/chest, forms gallstones

Answer 12

Cholecytitis

Question 13

Destruction and scarring of the liver, jaundice (yellowing), ascites (excess fluid in the abdominal cavity)

Answer 13

Cirrhosis of liver

Question 14

Section of intestine pokes through weakened area in abdominal muscles

Answer 14

Hernia

Question 15

Sore in the lining of the stomach of the proximal end of the small intestine

Answer 15

Ulcer

Question 16

Burning pain in chest that occurs after eating

Answer 16

GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease)

Question 17

Cycle of bingeing and self-induced vomiting

Answer 17

Builimia

Question 18

3 examples of macronutrients:

Answer 18

Carbohydrates, protein, fat

Question 19

3 examples of micronutrients:

Answer 19

Vitamins, water, minerals

Question 20

2 types of carbohydrates:

Answer 20

Starch and sugars

Question 21

1 gram of carbohydrate provides?

Answer 21

4kcal

Question 22

All types of carbohydrate are compounds of:

Answer 22

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen

Question 23

1 gram of protein provides?

Answer 23

4kcal

Question 24

Protein is made up of?

Answer 24

Amino acids

Question 25

1 gram of fat provides?

Answer 25

9kcal

Question 26

Fat is made up of?

Answer 26

Fatty acids and glycerol

Question 27

Type of fat that is usually solid at room temperature and contain maximum number of hydrogen atoms (tropical oils, butter, animal fats)

Answer 27

Saturated fats

Question 28

Type of fats that are liquid at room temperature

Answer 28

Unsaturated fats

Question 29

Type of fats such as olive oil and peanut oil that lack on pair of hydrogen atoms

Answer 29

Monosaturated fats

Question 30

Type of fats that lack two or more pairs of hydrogen atoms (fish oils, most vegetable oils, corn, soybean, sunflower oils)

Answer 30

Polyunsaturated fats

Question 31

Eating foods high in saturated fats increase level of?

Answer 31

Cholesterol

Question 32

Form of cholesterol that is the "bad" form which tends to deposit cholesterol on the walls of the blood vessels

Answer 32

LDL

Question 33

Form of cholesterol that is the "good" form that removes cholesterol from the cells and brings it back to the liver and intestines to be recycled or excreted

Answer 33

HDL

Question 34

Exercise has been prove to _______ HDL while low-fat diets lower _______ LDL

Answer 34

Raise ; Lower

Question 35

Two types of micronutients:

Answer 35

Vitamins and minerals

Question 36

Two groups of vitamins:

Answer 36

Fat-soluble vitamins (can be stored in body) and water-soluble vitamins (can't be stored in body)

Question 37

This vitamin is needed for dim light vision, healthy skin and eyes, resistance to infection

Answer 37

Vitamin A

Question 38

This vitamin is needed for the absorption of calcium from foods to keep bones and teeth healthy

Answer 38

Vitamin D

Question 39

This vitamin properly uses carbohydrates

Answer 39

Vitamin B1

Question 40

This vitamin reduces oxidative stress and inflammation of nerves

Answer 40

Vitamin B2

Question 41

This vitamin keeps your nervous system, digestive system, and skin healthy

Answer 41

Vitamin B3

Question 42

This vitamin is important for normal brain development and keeping nervous/immune system healthy

Answer 42

Vitamin B6

Question 43

This vitamin is needed to form red blood cells and DNA

Answer 43

Vitamin B12

Question 44

This vitamin is important in red blood cell formation and for healthy cell growth/function

Answer 44

Folate/folic acid

Question 45

This vitamin makes collagen needed for the structure/function of skin/cartilage/bones

Answer 45

Vitamin C

Question 46

This vitamin promotes absorption of phosphorus and calcium

Answer 46

Vitamin D

Question 47

This vitamin assists in normal clotting of blood

Answer 47

Vitamin K

Question 48

Inorganic substances required by the body in small amounts for a variety of different functions

Answer 48

Minerals

Question 49

Essential for the formation of hemoglobin in red blood cells

Answer 49

Iron

Question 50

Sleep needs for an adult

Answer 50

7-9 hours

Question 51

Sleep needs for an teenager

Answer 51

8-10 hours

Question 52

Sleep needs for a child 6-12 yrs

Answer 52

9-12 hours

Question 53

Sleep needs for a child 3-5 yrs

Answer 53

10-13 hours

Question 54

Sleep needs for a child 1-2 yrs

Answer 54

11-14 hours

Question 55

Sleep needs for an infant 4-12 months

Answer 55

12-16 hours