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Anatomy And Physiology For The Speech And Hearing Impaired > Respiratory Framework > Flashcards

Respiratory Framework Flashcards

1
Q

Structures of the respiratory tract:

A
  1. The lungs rest in an airtight cavity called the thoracic cavity.
  2. The lungs connect to the outside world via trachea, larynx, pharynx, oral and nasal cavities.
    - the respiratory tract transmits the air to the organs of respiration, the lungs.
    - the larynx is the division between the upper and lower respiratory tracts.
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2
Q

What does the upper respiratory tract include?

A

The oral cavity, nasal cavity, and pharyngeal cavity

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3
Q

What does the lower respiratory tract include?

A

The larynx, trachea (windpipe), and lungs.

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4
Q

What supports the respiratory framework?

A

The bony cage, bony thorax, that is apart of the skeletal system.

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5
Q

What does the bony thorax include?

A
  • vertebrae and vertebral column
  • ribs and their attachments to the vertebral column
  • the pectoral girdle: scapula and clavicle
  • the pelvic girdle: ischium, pubic bone, sacrum, and ilium
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6
Q

How many ribs are there and where do they attach? Think of ribs 1-10 and ribs 11-12.

A

12 ribs, point of attachment to the vertebral column

  • ->ribs 1-10 attach to the sternum via costal cartilage
  • ->11-12 are only attached posteriorly to the vertebral column.
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7
Q

Pectoral girdle

A
  1. Two clavicles (L and R collar bones)

2. Is important for shoulder and upper arm movement and attachment for respiration

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8
Q

(Posterior) shoulder blades/scapula

A

L and R, only POA to bony thorax is the clavicle

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9
Q

Pelvic girdle

A
  1. Includes the ilium*, sacrum, pubic bone, and ischium

2. Provides support for the entire lower thoracic cavity

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10
Q

Lungs

A
  1. Housed within the thoracic cavity, deep to the rib cage

2. Encased in bone because of high importance, well protected.

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11
Q

Where are the lungs housed?

A

Within the thoracic cavity

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12
Q

Vertebral column

A

Is central to the body and has 33 segments of bone divided into 5 categories

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13
Q

5 divisions of vertebral column:

A
  1. Cervical
  2. Thoracic
  3. Lumbar
  4. Sacral
  5. Coccygeal vertebrae
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14
Q

Cervical

A

C1-C7 (I eat breakfast at 7)

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15
Q

Thoracic

A

T1-T12 (eat lunch at noon)

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16
Q

Lumbar

A

L1-L5 (eat dinner at 5)

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17
Q

Sacral

A

S1-S5 (eat dinner at 5)

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18
Q

Coccygeal vertebrae

A

Fused aka coccyx

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19
Q

Thoracic vertebrae

A
  • form the basis for the respiratory framework
  • posterior point of attachment, at the costovertebral joint, for the ribs of the bony thorax
  • primary support for the thoracic cavity
  • all of your ribs will join up with your vertebral column at your costovertebral joint (diarthrodial joint, gliding joint)
20
Q

Coccyx

A

Tail bone (3 fused vertebrae)

21
Q

Lumbar

A
  • Important in lifting (stabilizing the thoracic cavity) and ambulation (walking)
  • also provides direct or indirect attachment for abdominal muscles as well as the posterior fibers of the diaphragm–> important for respiration
22
Q

C1 or atlas

A
  • The most superior portion of the vertebral column

- provides support for the skull, supports your head

23
Q

C2 or axis

A
  • inferior to C1

- allows you to pivot or rotate your skull/head

24
Q

Ilium

A
  • aka iliac crest
  • feature of bone, allows some of the muscle from your stomach to attach
  • provides support for the abdominal musculature
25
Q

Clavicle (paired, 2)

A
  • attached to the superior sternum and courses laterally to meet up with the scapula
  • provides anterior support for the shoulder
  • lateral point of attachment to scapula
26
Q

Scapula (paired, 2)

A
  • shoulder blades
  • has its only skeletal attachment to the (thoracic cavity) clavicle, which is attached to the sternum
  • provides point of attachment for several muscles that allow for flexible upper body movement and respiration and breathing.
27
Q

All ribs, except for the two most inferior ribs, are attached…

A
  • anteriorly (1-10) to the sternum via costal cartilage costosternal joint–> allows the rib cage to move when we inhale and exhale.
  • all 12 ribs are capable of some degree of lateral rotation
28
Q

All ribs articulate…

A

Posteriorly to the vertebral column via the costovertebral and costotransverse joint.
- they course anterolaterally to attach to the anterior aspect of the sternum

29
Q

Rib cage importance:

A

Provides attachment for many muscles that give strength, rigidity, continuity, and mobility to the rib cage

30
Q

True ribs

A
  • ribs 1-7

- articulate with the sternum via costal cartilage

31
Q

Costal cartilage

A

Allows the ribs to rotate superiority, laterally, and anteriorly during inhalation

32
Q

False ribs

A
  • ribs 8-10

- articulate with the sternum via costal cartilage

33
Q

Floating ribs

A
  • ribs 11-12

- articulate only with the vertebral column, no anterior POA

34
Q

4 parts of the ribs:

A
  1. Head
  2. Neck
  3. Angle
  4. Shaft
35
Q

Head

A

Articulates with the vertebral column

36
Q

Neck

A

Inferior to the head

37
Q

Angle

A

Point at which the ribs begin to course forward

38
Q

Shaft

A

The body of the rib

39
Q

5 parts of sternum

A
  1. Manubrium sterni
  2. Corpus or body
  3. Sternal notch
  4. Manubrosternal angle
  5. Xiphoid process
40
Q

Manubrium sterni

A

Provides attachment for the clavicle and first rib at the articulate facet

41
Q

Manubrosternal angle

A
  • where the second rib articulated with the sternum at the juncture of the manubrium and corpus
  • knot on mans neck tie
42
Q

Xiphoid process

A
  • most inferior

- clinical marker for CPR

43
Q

The thorax is bound SUPERIORLY…

A

By the first rib and clavicle

44
Q

Where is the inferior boundary of the thorax?

A

The 12th rib

45
Q

The LATERAL and ANTERIOR aspects of the thorax are…

A

Bound by the ribs and the sternum

46
Q

The entire thorax is suspended by…

A

The vertebral column

Anatomy And Physiology For The Speech And Hearing Impaired (7 decks)

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