Gas Laws

Question 1

What is respiration?

Answer 1

When air is taken into the lungs and then expelled out of the lungs by expansion of the thoracic cavity

Question 2

Inspiration

Answer 2

Inhalation

Question 3

Expiration

Answer 3

Exhale

Question 4

Speech breathing

Answer 4

• Inhalation is active
• Exhalation is a passive process during rest breathing, but NOT DURING SPEECH BREATHING. The muscles of exhalation have to contract to breathe for speech.

Question 5

Rest/quiet breathing

Answer 5

• Not doing anything. Watching tv, driving, just breathing in and out (breathing to stay alive, we don’t think about it).
• inhalation is active, the two major muscles are contracting.

Question 6

Primary function of respiration:

Answer 6

Breathing to stay alive

Question 7

Secondary function of respiration

Answer 7

Speech production

Question 8

Properties of a gas

Answer 8

• pressure
• volume
• amount or quantity

Question 9

Pressure

Answer 9

Force that is exerted by a gas against the walls of a container (the lungs)

Question 10

Volume

Answer 10

Quantity or amount of gas that is present in the lungs

Question 11

Boyle’s Law definition

Answer 11

States that the pressure of a gas is inversely related to its volume when temperature and amount are held constant. Pressure and volume are always inversely related.

Question 12

Boyle’s law characteristics (3)

Answer 12

1. When volume decreases, as during exhalation, pressure increases.
2. When you inhale, you increase the volume of air in your lungs. As this volume increases, the pressure in your lungs will decrease or go down.
3. During exhalation, pressure in your lungs increases and volume decreases.

Question 13

Newton’s 3rd law of motion definition:

Answer 13

An unbalanced force acting on a body will cause an acceleration. In breathing, this unbalanced force is the difference in air pressure between sir in the lungs and air outside of the body.

Question 14

Newton’s 3rd Law of Motion characteristics: (4)

Answer 14

1. Constant “tango” to equalize pressure
2. Air will flow from a region of high pressure to a region of loan pressure
3. It is what makes air move in (during inhalation) and out (during exhalation) of the lungs
4. Every action has an equal and opposite reaction.

Question 15

Process of inhalation

Answer 15

1. The lungs expand due to muscular forces
2. The pressure in the lungs decreases–> boyle’s law
3. Air flows from the outside of the body, where pressure is higher, towards the lower pressure that is in the lungs–> newtons 3rd law of motion

Question 16

Process of exhalation:

Answer 16

1. Lung volume decreases to passive forces
2. Pressure within the lungs increases–> boyle’s law
3. Air flows from the higher pressure in the lungs to the outside, where pressure is lower–> newton’s 3rd law of motion

Question 17

Torque

Answer 17

The force that will act upon a structure until it rotates–> twisting of something while one end is held stable

Question 18

Torque during inhalation:

Answer 18

The cartilage of the ribs (where the ribs articulate with the sternum) is torqued until the ribs rotate anteriorly, superiorly, and laterally. One of the posterior ends of the ribs is held stable so the anterior end can move.

Question 19

Elasticity

Answer 19

The ability of a structure to return to its normal shape after it has been shaped or compressed.
-tells you what the lungs do during breathing–> they stretch during inhalation and then they compress, returning to their original shape, during exhalation.

Question 20

Gravity

Answer 20

The force that pulls structures back towards earth.

• during exhalation, gravity works to pull the lungs back to their original shape in the thoracic cavity or chest cavity.
• you work against gravity when you inhale.