Respiratory Embryology Flashcards
What action gives rise to the primitive gut tube?
Folding
The trachea and lungs form from what?
Foregut
What is the name of the median outgrowth from the ventral foregut?
Laryngotracheal groove (diverticulum)
What forms between the trachea and oesophagus to separate them?
Oesophagotracheal septum
What is a fistula? What is common in the respiratory system?
Abnormal/surgical passage made between two tubular organs
tracheoesophageal fistula common
Atresia is what?
Condition in which a passage is closed or absent
The visceral pleura is formed of what?
Splanchnic mesoderm
The parietal pleura is formed of what?
Somatic mesoderm
The gap between the parietal and visceral pleura is called what?
Pleuroperitoneal canals
What are the pleuroperitoneal folds?
Folds forming around the heart separating pleural and pericardial cavities
Sequence of differentiation of lung buds
Embryonic Pseudoglandular Canalicular Saccular Alveolar
Common congenital conditions of the lungs
Surfactant deficiency
Accessory lobe
Lung agenesis
Lobe of azygos vein
Which 4 embryonic components form the diaphragm?
Septum Transversum
Pleuroperitoneal membranes
Dorsal mesentery of oesophagus
Muscular ingrowth from lateral body walls
Septum Transversum forms what?
Central tendon of the diaphragm
The Pleuroperitoneal membranes form what?
Primitive diaphragm
The Dorsal mesentery of oesophagus forms what?
Median portion of diaphragm
Crura of diaphragm
Muscular ingrowth from lateral body walls forms what?
Peripheral diaphragm
Where is septum transversum intially located? Which way does it migrate?
C3-C5 somites
Migrates caudally
3 major defects in congenital diaphragm disorders?
Failure of diaphragm to close
Herniation into chest
Pulmonary hypoplasia
What are the diaphragmatic hernias?
Incomplete development of the diaphragm
Posterolateral
Anterior
Central
What are hiatus hernias?
Bulging of the stomach into the chest through the oesophageal hiatus
What are the two types of hiatus hernia?
Sliding
Paraesophageal
What structure forms the central tendon?
Septum transversum
What structure forms the crura and medial portion of the diaphragm?
Dorsal mesentery
