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Y2 Pharmacology > Respiratory Drugs > Flashcards

Respiratory Drugs Flashcards

1
Q
  1. The following are short acting beta agonist, EXCEPT:
    a. albuterol
    b. salmeterol
    c. terbutaline
    d. metaprotenerol
A

b. salmeterol

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2
Q 
Selective Beta-2 Agonist.
slow onset, 
asthma prophylaxis,
potentiates corticosteroid effects,
aerosol inhalation,
toxicity: tremor, tachycardia
overdose: arrhythmias
A

Salmeterol
Formoterol
Vilanterol

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3
Q 
Selective Beta-2 Agonist.
prompt,
DOC in Acute asthmatic bronchospasm,
aerosol inhalation, nebulizer and parenteral,
toxicity: tremor, tachycardia
overdose: arrhythmias
A

Albuterol
Metaproterenol
Terbutaline

*Terbutaline - available as an oral drug

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4
Q

Beta Agonist.

Non selective Aplha- and Beta- Agonist

A

Epinephrine

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5
Q

B1 and B2 agonist

A

Isoproterenol

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6
Q
  1. These are inhaled corticosteroids for asthma, EXCEPT:
    a. fluticasone
    b. beclomethasone
    c. budesonide
    d. prednisone
A

d. Prednisone (oral systemic steroid)

all the rest are inhaled steroids:
Fluticasone, Beclomethasone, Budesonide, Flunisolide

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7
Q

systemic corticosteroids

A

Prednisone

Methylprednisone

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8
Q

Inhaled corticosteroids

A

Fluticasone
Beclomethasone
Budesonide
Flunisolide

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9
Q

Beta Agonists

A

Albuterol
Metaproterenol
Terbutaline

Salmeterol
Formoterol
Vilanterol

Epinephrine

Isoproterenol

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10
Q

Oral systemic corticosteroids

A

Prednisone

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11
Q
  1. This is a stabilizer of mast and other cells:
A

Cromolyn

Nedocromil

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12
Q

Anti interleukin-5 pathway antibodies

A

Mepolizumab

Dupilumab

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13
Q
  1. This bronchodilator is a methylxanthine
A

Theophylline

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14
Q

Vilanterol

A

Beta-2 agonist

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15
Q

Zileuton

A

Leukotriene Antagonist

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16
Q
  1. Leukotriene Antagonists
A

Montelukast
Zafirlukas
Zileuton

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17
Q

Methylxanthine

A

Theophylline

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18
Q

Stabilizers of Mast and Other Cells

A

Cromolyn

Nedocromil

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19
Q

IgE Antibody

A

Omalizumab

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20
Q

Hydrocortisone

A

parenteral systemic steroid

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21
Q

Long acting beta agonist

A

Salmeterol
Formoterol
Vilanterol

22
Q

Short acting beta agonist

A

Albuterol
Metaproterenol
Terbutaline

23
Q
  1. This drug enhances rate of cyclic AMP through stimulation of adenyl cyclase
A

Albuterol

& all beta agonists has this mechanism of action.
includes: Albuterol, Metaproterenol, Terbutaline
Salmeterol, Formeterol, Vilanterol,
Epinephrine, Isoproterenol

24
Q

Theophylline MOA

A

inhibits phosphodiesterase

25
Q

Zafirlukast MOA

A

block leukotriene D4 receptors

26
Q

Nedocromil MOA

A

blocker of mast cell releast

27
Q
  1. These drugs are considered “relievers”, EXCEPT:
    a. formoterol
    b. pinbuterol
    c. salbutamol
    d. terbutalline
A

a. formoterol

it is a long acting beta agonist, thus considered a controller, useful in chronic asthma

28
Q
  1. These drugs are considered “controller”, EXCEPT:
    a. formoterol
    b. budesonide
    c. albuterol
    d. beclomethasone
A

c. albuterol (short acting beta agonist; reliever)

29
Q
  1. This blocks muscarinic inhibitors and promotes bronchodilation
A

Ipatropium*
Tiotropium
Aclidinium

30
Q

Antimuscarinic Drugs used in Asthma

A

Ipatropium*
Tiotropium
Aclidinium

31
Q

Ipatropium MOA

A

This blocks muscarinic inhibitors and promotes bronchodilation

32
Q
  1. Theophylline MOA
A

ALL!

a. inhibit several members of the phosphodiesterase
b. inhibition of cell surface receptors for adenosine
c. enhancement of histone deacetylation
d. ALL

33
Q
  1. A special problem caused by inhaled topical corticosteroids is the occurence of:
A

oropharyngeal candidiasis

34
Q

Theophylline S/E

A 
diuresis
cardiac arrhythmias
nervousness
tremor
convulsions
increase in gastric and digestive enzymes
35
Q
  1. This appears to be effective as albuterol in patients with COPD who have at least partially reversible obstructions:
    a. ipatropium
    b. tiotropium
    c. aclidinium
    d. all of the above
A

d. all

those are all antimuscarinic drugs used in asthma.
also umeclidinium.
all approved for maintenance tx of COPD

36
Q
  1. Of the beta agonist, this is the only one available ORALLY, by inhalational and by SUBCUTANEOUS route.
A

terbutaline

37
Q
  1. One effect that theophylline, nitroglycerin, isoproterenol, and histamine have in common is:
A

tachycardia

  • theophylline does not ordinarilly cause headache or postural hypertension.
  • nitroglycerine does not cause direct cardiac stimulation, but does evoke a compensatory sympathetic reflex.
  • histamine does not cause bronchodilation
38
Q
  1. recognized effects of albuterol
A

positive inotropic effect,
skeletal muscle tremor,
smooth muscle relaxation
tachycardia

Albuterol is a B2-selective receptor agonist, but in moderate to high doses, it produces B1 cardiac effects as well as B2-mediated smooth and skeletal muscle effects.
It does not cause diuresis

39
Q
  1. If a 10 y.o. child has severe asthma and was hospitalized5x between ages 7 and 9. He is now receiving outpatient medications that have greatly reduced the frequency of severe attacks. Which of the ff most likely to have adverse effects when used daily over long periods for severe asthma?
    a. albuterol by aerosol
    b. beclomethasone by aerosol
    c. ipatropium by inhaler
    d. prednisone by mouth
    e. theophylline in long acting oral form
A

d. prednisone by mouth

40
Q
  1. Which of the ff drugs does not have a direct bronchodilator effect?
    a. epinephrine
    b. terbutaline
    c. prednisone
    d. theophylline
A

c. predisone

orticosteroids do not demonstrate direct bronchodilator action.

41
Q
  1. which is NOT a prophylactic strategy for asthma?
    a. avoidance of antigen exposure
    b. blockade of histamine receptors
    c. blockade of leukotriene receptors
    d. igE antibody blockade
    e. inhibition of phopholipase A2
A

b. blockade of histamine receptors

Histamine does not appear to play a significant role in asthma

42
Q
  1. bronchodilator which is useful in COPD
    and least likely to cause cardiac arrhythmia
    a. aminophylline
    b. cromolyn
    c. epinephrine
    d. ipatropium
    e. metaproterenol
A

d. ipatropium or a similar antimuscarinic agent is the bronchodilator that is most likely to be useful in COPD without causeing cardiac arrhythmias

43
Q
  1. bronchodilator most often used in asthma by an oral route and is capable of causing insomnia and seizures
A

theophylline

causes insomnia in therapeutic doses and seizures in overdosage

44
Q
  1. Which of the ff in its parenteral form is life-saving in severe status asthmaticus and acts, at least in part, by inhibiting phopholipase A2?
A

Salmeterol

45
Q
  1. Orally active inhibitor of leukotriene receptors
A

Montelukast

46
Q

Inhibitor of lipoxyfenase enzyme in the synthesis of leukotrienes

A

Zileuton

47
Q
  1. causes tremor, tachycardia, and cardiovascular events
A

adrenergic beta agonists

48
Q
  1. causes dry mouth and cough
A

muscarinic antagonists

ipatropium bromide*, tiotropium, aclidinium

49
Q

causes insomnia, tremor, Sx and arrhythmias

A

methylxanthines (theophylline)

50
Q

side effect: cough

A

Mast Cell Release Inhibitor (Cromolyn, Nedocromil)

51
Q
  1. This parenteral drugs bind to IgE antibodies on mas cells, reduces reaction to inhaled antigen and is used as prophylaxis of severe refractory asthma not responsive to all ohter drugs
A

Omalizumab (IgE antibody)

Y2 Pharmacology (11 decks)

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