respiratory disorders Flashcards
(+) stretch receptors — (+) medulla via vagus nerve (CN 10): When you breathe in, stretch
receptors in your lungs detect that the lungs are expanding.
Inhalation
Pharyngitis can also occur with **(aka “mono”), a viral infection.
mononucleosis
Congenital depression of the sternum that decreases the anterioposterio (A-P) diameter
Funnel Chest (pectus excavatum)
Most common causes are allergy and bacterial infection
o Damage to the mucusa of the sinuses are reversible
Acute Sinusitis
soft, high-pitched, and very brief
- sounds like a lock of hair rolled in between fingers
Fine Crackles
Onset of symptoms
CHRONIC BRONCHITIS EMPHYSEMA
> 35 years > 50 years
Not troubled with breathlessness except with strenuous exercise
0 None
(normal Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV) is
approximately )
3,300mL
TREATMENT Viral pharyngitis
❖ salt water gargles
❖ pain relievers
❖ extra fluids t
non-productive to productive cough (constant irritation to
the throat until it produces mucus that causes scar where bacterias will go hence infection or
inflammation)
Dry progressing to productive
non-specific, cardiomegaly could be seen
Chest Radiography
refers to the amount of air can be inhaled after a normal or tidal inspiration
Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV)
Decreased PaO2 and increased PaCO2 in chronic bronchitis
Arterial Blood Gases
Refers to the amount of air remaining in the lungs at the end of normal exhalation (approximately
1,200mL)
Functional Residual Capacity (FRC)
FEV 50%-80%
IIA COPD
Refers to the entire process of air flow between the human body and the atmosphere
This is a protective reflex. When your lungs stretch too much during a deep breath, this
reflex tells your brain (via nerves) to stop inhaling to avoid over-expanding the lungs.
Hering-Breuer reflex
condition characterized by the inflammation of the mucus
membrane lining the sinuses
* May either be a bacterial infection or secondary to a viral exposur
SINUSITIS
show hyperinflation with areas of local atelectasis
Chest X-rays –
DIAGNSOSIS for pharyngitis
laryngoscopy
Refers to the amount of air in the lungs with maximal inspiration (approximately 6,000mL)
o Total of the four lung volumes: TV + IRV + ERV + RV
Total Lung Capacity (TLC)
o Refers to a non-invasive method of assessing the functional capacity of the lungs
o Measures air flow rates and calculate lung volumes and lung capacities
Pulmonary Function Test