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Nursing Practice 3 & 4 > Respiratory Disorders > Flashcards

Respiratory Disorders Flashcards

Refresher Phase

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1
Q

Inflammation and Build up of mucus that is cause by extrinsic and intrinsic factors

A

Bronchial Asthma

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2
Q

Examples of intrinsic factor that can cause bronchial asthma

A

Exercise
URIF
Cold air
Sugar

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3
Q

Examples of extrinsic factor that can cause bronchial asthma

A

Mold
Spores

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4
Q

Goblet cells causeq

A

Mucus production

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5
Q

WBC is caused by?

A

High prostag and leuko

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6
Q

Mast cell

A

Histamine

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7
Q

Narrowed wheezing can be heared at

A

During expiratory

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8
Q

Health teaching for narrowed wheezing

A

Do orthopneic position or tripod

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9
Q

Narrowed wheezing causes what Acid base imbalance?

A

R. Alkalosis as it expels CO2 more

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10
Q

Total obstruction as the late complication of bronchial asthma causes what Acid base imbalance>

A

Resp. Acidosis

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11
Q

1st line medications for Bronchial Asthma

A

Short Acting Beta 2 Agonist (GABA)
Anti Cholinergic (Ipatropium)
Adrenergic Agonist (Epi)

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12
Q

Long term medications for bronchial asthma

A

Corticostreoids
LABA
Anti Leukotriene
Anti histamine
Monoclonal Antibody

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13
Q

Monoclonal antibody composed of? For bronchial asthma

A

IgE that blocks mast cells to stop histamine

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14
Q

Medication for prevention of attacks for Bronchial Asthma

A

Omalizumab (monoclonal anti)

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15
Q

Health teaching for same meds for bronchial asthma

A

If same meds, 2 puff wait for 1-2 minutes for 2nd puff

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16
Q

Health teaching for different meds for bronchial asthma

A

Wait 5 mins interval for different medications, short acting first then long term

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17
Q

Progressive and irreversible

A

COPD

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18
Q

Presence of distended and non functioning alveoli

A

Emphysema

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19
Q

What is the characteristic of cough seen in patients with chronic bronchitis?

A

Productive cough that last for 3 months in 2 consecutive years

20
Q

3 main causes of COPD

A

Smokings as 1
Environmental
genetic

21
Q

Genetic cause of COPD causes what deficiency?

A

Alpha 1 Antri Trypsin Deficiency (AATD) (for emphysema)

22
Q

Lost of ____ and ____ causes overdistended alveoli

A

Collagen and Elastase caused. by smoking

23
Q

Clinical manifestations of emphysema

A

Hypercapnia
Pursed lip breathing
Prolonged Expiratory
Dyspnea
Weight loss
Barrel chest

24
Q

Classic sign of emphysema

A

Barrel chest

25
Q

Pink puffer

A

Emphysema

26
Q

Blue bloaters

A

Chronic bronchitis

27
Q

Low o2 that rsults to High Epo and high RBC can caused

A

Secondary Polycythemia

28
Q

Acid based imbalance of a chronic bronchitis?

A

Resp. Acidosis

29
Q

High o2 deliverance causes chronic bronchitis to?

A

Apnea

30
Q

Mgt for Chronic Bronchitis

A

Rest for lower o2 demand
Orthopnea to expel o2
Inc OFi

31
Q

Diet for Chronic Bronchitis

A

SFF
High calorie, high protein

32
Q

Medications for Chronic Bronchitis

A

Bronchodilator
Corticosteroids
Diuretics
Vaccines: Flu and Pnemovax

33
Q

Acute respiratory distress syndrome or resp. failure causes what type of care?

A

Palliative or end of life care

34
Q

Classic signs of ARDS:
Mnemonic: ARDS

A

Atelectasis
Refractory Hypoxemia
Decrease Lung Compliance
Surfactant

35
Q

Classic sign of Acute RF

A

Pulmonary edema

36
Q

Term that does not respond to o2 therapt

A

Refractory hypoxemia

37
Q

MGT of ARDS

A

Treat underlying cause
Monitor VS
Resp. Acidosis
Lung infiltrates
High fowler and Prone for uncons

38
Q

What type of mechanical ventilator used for ARDS

A

PEEP (positive end-expiratory pressure)

39
Q

Caused by air in intrapleural space that results to atelectasis

A

Pneumothorax

40
Q

Intact pleura with air comes from lungs itself

A

Closed pneumothorax

41
Q

Injured pleura,
Gunshot or stabwoudns
Flail chest
Air from ATMOSPHERE

A

SUCKING CHEST WOUND
Open Pneumothorax

42
Q

Air unable to excape
One way valve
Mediasternal shift or elevated trachea

A

Tension Pneumothorax

43
Q

Fluids from intrapleural space

A

Pleural effusion

44
Q

Types of Pleural effusiion

A

Hemothorax - blood
Pyothorax - Pus
Hydrothorax - Water: Serosangenous

45
Q

Mgt for Pleural effusion

A

High fowler
High flow o2
Chest xray as best parameter
Thoracentesis

46
Q

Clinical manifestations of Pleural effusion

A

Pleuritic chest pain
Chest asymmetry
Low fremitus: Dull and Flat (Fluids)
Hyperresonnance: Air

Nursing Practice 3 & 4 (4 decks)

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