Respiratory Diseases

Question 1

What are the common causes of purulent nasal discharge?

Answer 1

1. Bacterial rhinitis
2. Bacterial infection (pneumonia, pleuritis, pleuropneumonia)
3. Lung abscess
4. COPD
5. Guttural pouch empyema
6. S. equi infection
7. Guttural pouch mycosis
8. Sinus infection, cyst, polyp, tumor
9. Nasal cyst, polyp, tumor
10. Fungal rhinitis, nasal granuloma, nasal aspergillosis
11. Nasal foreign body
12. Trauma

Question 2

What are the causes of serous nasal discharge?

Answer 2

1. Equine influenza
2. EHV-1, EHV-4
3. Equine viral arteritis
4. Rhinovirus types 1, 2, 3, reovirus, adenovirus
5. Bacterial (pneumonia, pleuritis, pleuropneumonia)
6. COPD
7. Pharyngitis
8. Guttural pouch infection
9. S. equi infection
10. Sinus infection, cyst, polyp, tumor

Question 3

What are the common causes of epistaxis?

Answer 3

1. Exercise induced pulmonary hemorrhage
2. Guttural pouch mycosis
3. Progressive ethmoidal hematoma
4. Nasal polyps
5. Nasal tumors
6. Foreign body
7. Purpura hemorrhagica

Question 4

What are the common respiratory causes of dyspnea?

Answer 4

1. Recurrent airway obstruction
2. Bacterial pneumonia, pleuritis, pleuropneumonia
3. Aspiration pneumonia
4. Pulmonary abscess
5. Viral pneumonia

Question 5

What are the common non-respiratory causes of dyspnea?

Answer 5

1. Cardiac disease
2. Shock
3. Endotoxemia
4. Anemia
5. Pain
6. Hyperthermia