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VMED 162 > Respiratory diseases > Flashcards

Respiratory diseases Flashcards

1
Q

Sudden, rapid, highly contagious disease characterized by abnormal respiratory sounds coughing, and sneezing

(Group 3 Coronavirus)

Spread by air, feces, fomites, carriers

North Dakota, USA, 1931

A

Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV)

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2
Q

is the most common form of IBV in birds
fatal to chicks

A

Respiratory form

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3
Q
  • there is marked depression
  • urate deposits
A

Kidney form

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3
Q
  • Epithelial damage
  • poor egg production
  • poor egg quality: albumen is thin and watery, “watery whites
A

Reproductive form

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4
Q

casued by **Avibacterium (Haemophilus) paragallinarum **
* facial swelling
* nasal and ocular discharges

A

Infectious Coryza

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5
Q

Spread by:
1. Drinking water contaminated with discharges from the nose
2. Air
3. Direct contact

Symptoms:
1. Sneezing
2. Mucus-like discharge from the openings of the nose and eyes
3. Swelling on the face

Diagnosis:
1. Marked swelling on the face
2. Discharges from the eyes and nostrils

A

Infectious Coryza

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6
Q

Prevention:
1. Improved management
2. Culling of birds
3. Good sanitation
4. Traffic control
5. All-in-all out system

A

Infectious Coryza

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7
Q

Caused by Gallid herpesvirus 1
* Described in the USA in 1925
* Distributed worldwide
* frequently regional/seasonal in incidence

A

Infectious Layngotracheitis (ILT)

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8
Q

Morbid birds:
1. poor growth
2. egg production
3. FCR = increased condemnation

Morbidity ±70-100%, mortality ±50%

A

Infectious Layngotracheitis (ILT)

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9
Q

Clinical signs:
1. Hematemesis
2. Hyperemic trachea,
3. Intranuclear inclusion bodies in tracheal epithelium
4. Gasping
5. Coughing
6. Dyspnea
7. “Pump handle respiration”
8. Respiratory discharges

A

Infectious Layngotracheitis (ILT)

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10
Q

Transmission:
1. Direct contact (carriers)
2. Droplets
3. Fomites
4. Winds

A

Infectious Layngotracheitis (ILT)

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11
Q

Severity:
is influenced by the, virus strain,
flock immune status, environmental conditions

A

Infectious Layngotracheitis (ILT)

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11
Q

What form of strain of ND has severe respiratory disease and symptoms?

A

(ND) Moderately virulent strain

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12
Q

Diagnosis for ILT

A
  1. Histopathology
  2. Serology
  3. IFT
  4. Isolation
  5. PCR
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13
Q

Caused by paramyxovirus serotype-1
* Java, Indonesia: first observed (1926)
* Spread to Newcastle, England
* Different types: some are highly virulent
* Others are moderate
* Certain others only mildly harmful

Spread by:
1. Inhalation
2. Ingestion
3. Fomites

A

Newcastle Disease

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13
Q

Is there a vaccine for ILT?

A

Yes

13
Q

(5) strains of ND

A
  1. Viscerotropic Velogenic strain
  2. Neurotropic Velogenic strain
  3. Mesogenic strain
  4. Lentogenic strain
  5. Asymptomatic enteric strain

Humans: Transient conjunctivitis

14
Q

Form of strain in ND
1. Sudden death
2. Depression
3. Weakness
4. Green diarrhea
5. Facial swelling
6. Nervous signs
7. Torticollis
8. Paralysis
9. Arched position body

A

(ND) Virulent strain

15
Q

What form of strain of ND has no disease
a mild respiratory distress?

A

(ND) Mildly virulent strain

16
Q

Is there vaccine for ND?

A

Yes

17
Q

Clinical signs:
1. Hemorrhagic proventriculus, intestinal walls, cecum, and trachea
2. Necrotic spleen
3. Airsacculitis
4. ±4 weeks of shedding

A

Newcastle disease

18
Q

What caused Mycoplasmosis?

A

Mycoplasma gallicepticum

19
Q

is a severe airsacculitis; occurs when M. gallisepticum infection gets complicated by E. coli

A

Complicated CRD (CCRD) a.k.a. ‘airsac disease’

19
Q

Respiratory tract infection (particularly the airsacs)

A

Mycoplasmosis

20
Q

Confirmatory diagnosis for mycoplasmosis?

A

Demonstration of the organism

21
Q

IP of Aspergillosis

A

2 weeks

21
Q

a disease of very young chicks; caused by a fungus Aspergillus fumigatus

Infection by inhalation of spores from contaminated feed or litter

A

Aspergillosis

22
Q

Affected chicks may
* stop eating
* * show symptoms of gasping/labored breathing

A

Aspergillosis

23
Q

Main affected organ in aspergillosis, shows small nodules that are hard and yellow.

A

Lungs (hyphi)

24
Q

Confirmatory diagnosis for aspergillosis

A

Isolation and propagation of the fungus

25
Q

(2) special agars for aspergillosis

A
  1. Potato dextrose agar (PDA)
  2. Sabouraud agad (SDA)
26
Q

Is there specific treatment for Aspergillosis?

A

NONE

27
Q

(3) prevention of aspergillosis

A
  1. Moldy feed should be removed
  2. Feed containers cleaned
  3. Old litter remove

VMED 162 (8 decks)

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