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med term exam 2 > respiratory diseases > Flashcards

respiratory diseases Flashcards

1
Q

chest pain

A

thoracodynia

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2
Q

medical specialty with respiratory system

A

pulmonology

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3
Q

phycisian who treats lung disorders

A

pulmonologist

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4
Q

respiratory disorders that produce a chronic partial obstruction of the air passages

A

COPD

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5
Q

what does COPD stand for

A

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

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6
Q

difficulty breathing

A

dyspnea

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7
Q

spasms in the bronchial passages

A

bronchospasms

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8
Q

sudden and violent bronchial spasms

A

paroxysmal

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9
Q

coughing episodes produce large amounts of mucus

A

productive cough

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10
Q

flare-ups

A

exacerbations

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11
Q

agents that loosen and break down mucus

A

mucolytics

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12
Q

medications that expand the bronchi

A

bronchodilators

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13
Q

when treatment does not reverse bronchospasm, a life-threatening condition called

A

status asthmaticus

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14
Q

an inflammation of the bronchi caused mainly by smoking and air pollution

A

Chronic bronchitis

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15
Q

medications that aid in the removal of mucus

A

expectorants

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16
Q

decreased elasticity of the alveoli

A

Emphysema

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17
Q

easier to breathe when sitting upright or standing erect

A

orthopnea

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18
Q

an inflammatory condition affecting the lungs, primarily the microscopic air sacs

A

Pneumonia

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19
Q

lung tissue loses its spongy texture and becomes swollen and engorged

A

consolidation

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20
Q

type when even inhaled substances such as food, vomitus, or liquids can also cause pneumonia.

A

(aspiration pneumonias)

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21
Q

organism that resides in or on most people

A

normal flora

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22
Q

organism becomes infectious

A

opportunistic

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23
Q

sputum containing white blood cells

A

(mucopurulent sputum

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24
Q

condition in which the lungs no longer function effectively, threatening the life of the patient.

A

Acute respiratory distress syndrome

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25
Q

a form of respiratory distress syndrome seen in preterm infants or infants born to diabetic mothers

A

Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (

26
Q

a phospholipid substance that helps keep alveoli open

A

surfactant

27
Q

Flaring of the nostrils

A

nares

28
Q

rapid breathing

A

tachypnea

29
Q

fluid in the alveoli

A

alveolar consolidation

30
Q

lung cancer

A

bronchogenic carcinoma

31
Q

Abnormal sounds or noises heard over the lungs and airways, commonly leading to a diagnosis of a respiratory or cardiac condition; also called

A

abnormal breath sounds

32
Q

Intermittent sounds caused by exudates, spasms, hyperplasia, or when air enters moisture-filled alveoli

A

crackle

33
Q

Continuous sound heard during inspiration and expiration caused by secretions in the larger airways and commonly resembling snoring

A

rhonchus

34
Q

High-pitched, harsh sound caused by a spasm or swelling of the larynx or an obstruction in the upper airway

A

stridor

35
Q

Whistling or sighing that results from narrowing of the lumen of the respiratory passageway

A

wheeze

36
Q

Excessive acidity of body fluids

A

acidosis

37
Q

Absence of the sense of smell

A

anosmia

38
Q

Disorder in which breathing stops repeatedly during sleep, resulting in blood deoxygenation, causing the patient to awaken, gasping for air

A

apnea

39
Q

A form of sleep apnea that occurs when the brain fails to stimulate breathing muscles, causing brief pauses in breathing

A

central apnea

40
Q

Most common form of sleep apnea caused by an upper airway blockage that prevents an adequate flow of air to the lungs

A

obstructive apnea

41
Q

Type of sleep apnea that occurs when central sleep apnea and obstructive sleep apnea occur simultaneously

A

mixed apnea

42
Q

Collapsed or airless state of the lung, which may be acute or chronic and affects all or part of a lung

A

atelectasis

43
Q

Acute inflammation of the membranes of the nose; also called

A

coryza

44
Q

Common childhood condition involving inflammation of the larynx, trachea, and bronchial passages and sometimes involving the lungs

A

croup

45
Q

Life-threatening genetic disease causing mucus to become unusually thick and sticky, plugging tubes and ducts, especially in the lungs and pancreas

A

cystic fibrosis

46
Q

Displacement of the cartilage dividing the nostrils that causes reduced airflow and sometimes causes nosebleed

A

deviated nasal septum

47
Q

Severe, life-threatening infection of the epiglottis and supraglottic structures that occurs most commonly in children between ages 2 and 12 years

A

epiglottitis

48
Q

Nasal hemorrhage; also called nosebleed

A

epistaxis

49
Q

Oxygen deficiency in arterial blood, which is usually a sign of respiratory impairment and commonly causes hypoxia

A

hypoxemia

50
Q

Oxygen deficiency in the body or a region of the body that commonly causes cyanosis

A

hypoxia

51
Q

Acute, contagious viral disorder of the respiratory tract, characterized by weakness, fever, chills, and muscle pain, especially in the back, arms, and legs

A

influenza

52
Q

Acute, infectious disease characterized by a cough that has a characteristic “whoop” sound

A

pertussis

53
Q

Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity that impairs breathing by limiting the expansion of the lungs

A

pleural effusion

54
Q

Exudative effusion characterized by collection of pus in the pleural cavity, commonly as a result of bacterial pneumonia that spreads from the lung

A

empyema

55
Q

Presence of air in the pleural cavity, commonly caused by a blunt or penetrating chest injury or as the result of a thoracic surgery

A

pneumothorax

56
Q

Inflammation of the pleural membrane characterized by a stabbing pain that is intensified by coughing or deep breathing

A

pleurisy

57
Q

Accumulation of extravascular fluid in lung tissues and alveoli, most commonly caused by heart failure

A

pulmonary edema

58
Q

Blockage in an artery of the lungs caused by a mass of undissolved matter (such as a blood clot, tissue, air bubbles, and bacteria) that has traveled to the lungs from another part of the body.

A

pulmonary embolism

59
Q

Completely unexpected and unexplained death of an apparently normal, healthy infant, usually less than age 12 months; also called crib death

A

sudden infant death syndrome

60
Q

Potentially fatal contagious disease spread through respiratory droplets, affecting any organ of the body but primarily the lungs and causing chest pain, hemoptysis, weight loss, fatigue, and night sweats

A

tuberculosis

61
Q
A

med term exam 2 (9 decks)

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