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med term exam 2 > GI system general > Flashcards

GI system general Flashcards

1
Q

esophagus

A

tube that leads to stomach

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1
Q

folds back to cover trachea during swallowing

A

epiglottis

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2
Q

first part of the small intestine

A

duodenum

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3
Q

The terminal portion of the esophagus

A

lower esophageal (cardiac) sphincter

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4
Q

body of the stomach

A

large central portion

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5
Q

fundus

A

upper portion of the stomach

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6
Q

The part of the stomach that connects to the duodenum (first part of the small intestine

A

pylorus

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7
Q

longitudinal folds in the stomach that expand as food is consumed

A

rugae

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8
Q

bolus in a semiliquid form after some parts of digestion have begun

A

chyme

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9
Q

spinchter from stomach to duodenum

A

pyloric sphincter

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10
Q

coordinated, rhythmic muscle contractions

A

peristalsis

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11
Q

middle part of the intestine

A

jejunum

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12
Q

approximately 12 feet long part of intestine that is “last”

A

ileum

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13
Q

what two organs help the small intestine digest food by producing enzymes

A

pancreas

liver

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14
Q

what valve allows undigested material from the small intestine to pass into the large intestine and eventually be excreted from the body

A

ileocecal

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15
Q

the first 2 or 3 inches of the large intestine

A

cecum

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16
Q

Projecting downward from the cecum

A

appendix

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17
Q

extends from the cecum to the lower border of the liver

A

ascending colon

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18
Q

what does the ascending color abruptly turn into

A

the hepatic flexure

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19
Q

colon continues across the abdomen to the left side as the _________

A

transverse colon

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20
Q

what does the transverse color curve below the spleen to form

A

descending colon

21
Q

what is formed from the descending colon

A

sigmoid colon and rectum

22
Q

where does the rectum terminate into

A

anus

23
Q

the largest glandular organ in the body

A

liver

24
Q

what does the pancreas do as an endocrine gland

what does the pancreas do as an exocrine gland

A

secreted insulin

produces digestive enzymes

25
Q

the pancreas produces digestive enzymes that pass into the duodenum through the _______

A

pancreatic duct

26
Q

the _____ duct from the liver, enters the duodenum

A

hepatic

27
Q

where is bile produced

where is bile stored

A

liver

gallbladder

28
Q

where does the gallbladder release bile into (duct)

A

common bile duct

29
Q

what duct from the gallbladder merges with the hepatic duct to form the common bile duct

A

cystic duct

30
Q

where does the gallbladder release bile into

through which duct =

A

duodenum

common bile duct

31
Q

where is bile drained from the liver to

A

right and left hepatic duct

32
Q
A
33
Q

Mass of masticated food ready for swallowing

A

bolus

34
Q

Orange-yellow pigment formed during destruction of erythrocytes that is taken up by liver cells and eventually excreted in the feces

A

bilirubin

35
Q

Type of gland that secretes its products through excretory ducts to the surface of an organ or tissue or into a vessel

A

exocrine

36
Q

Circular band of muscle fibers that constricts a passage or closes a natural opening of the body

A

sphincter

37
Q

Organic compound, a true fat, that is made of one glycerol and three fatty acids

A

triglycerides

38
Q

receptacle for food

A

oral cavity

39
Q

cheeks

A

bucca

40
Q

mechanically breaking down food

A

mastication

41
Q

the main structure of the tooth beneath enamel

A

dentin

42
Q

innermost part of the tooth

A

pulp

43
Q

gums

A

gingiva

44
Q

swallowing

A

deglutition

45
Q

rough projections on the tongue

A

papillae

46
Q

anterior part of roof of mouth

A

hard palate

47
Q

posterior portion of roof of mouth

A

soft palate

48
Q

throat

A

pharynx

49
Q

V shaped structure in back of throat

A

uvula

50
Q

tube that leads to lungs

A

trachea

med term exam 2 (9 decks)

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