Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

JL Respiratory > Respiratory Disease in Childhood > Flashcards

Respiratory Disease in Childhood Flashcards

1
Q

What does a lack of surfactant result in?

A

Atelectasis and impairment of gas exchange

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the production of surfactant stimulated by?

A

Steroids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Respiratory distress syndrome is predominantly in preterm, what relationship does it have with gestation?

A

Inverse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is there an increased incidence with IPPV, CPAP and ventilation?

A

Pneumothorax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the condition named where oxygen requirement is beyond 36 weeks corrected gestation plus evidence of pulmonary parenchymal disease onCXR?

A

Chronic lung disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does chronic lung disease generally follow?

A

RDS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does a diaphragmatic hernia have associated with it=?

A

Pulmonary hypoplasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Where are the two most common diaphragmatic hernias located?

A

Posterolateral (Bochdalek), left-sided

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

A 1 year old child presents with a prolonged history of cough, loose stools and failure to thrive - diagnosis?

A

CF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Anewborn infant with a raised immuno-reactive trypsin level on neonatal screening who is also found to be homozygous for the F508 deletion - diagnosis?

A

CF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Name a respiratory disease in childhood and adulthood that is autosomal recessive?

A

CF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the carrier incidence like for CF?

A

1 in 24 people

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

In CF what gene are the mutations found in?

A

CFTR gene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Is CF a multisystem disorder?

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Give 4 differential diagnosises for CF?

A
  1. Immune deficiency
  2. Ciliary dyskinesia
  3. Asthma
  4. Kartagener’s immotile cilia syndrome - rare
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

A 7-year child presents with 3-month history of cough worse at night or during active play - diagnosis?

A

Asth,a

17
Q

What are the 4 clinical features that increase the probability of a child having asthma (SIGN guidline)?

A
  1. One or more: wheeze, cough, chest tightness, difficulty breathing
  2. Atopy (personal or family history)
  3. Widespread wheeze on auscultation
  4. Response to Rx
18
Q

What are the 4 stages of asthma management in children?

A
  1. Treat with inhaled beta-agonist when needed
  2. Treat with regular inhaled steroids
  3. Regular inhaled steroids + long acting beta agonists
  4. Stage 3 + leukotriene antagonists
19
Q

What 2 features can passive smoking cause on a baby?

A

Teratogenic: airways, cleft lip/palate

Glue ear

20
Q

7 steps of treatment for acute asthma in children.

A
  1. Oxygen
  2. Nebulised bronchodilator
  3. Oral prednisolone
  4. IV salbutamol
  5. IV aminophylline
  6. IV magnesium
  7. Ventilatory support
21
Q

6 week old presented with increased work of breathing and possible apnoes, URTI symptoms over last 2 days - diagnosis?

A

Bronchiolitis

22
Q

What are the three common viral infections that cause bronchiolitis in children?

A
  1. RSV
  2. HMPV
  3. Adenovirus
23
Q

Three clinical features of bronchiolitis in children?

A

Tachypnoea
Poor feeding
Irritating cough

24
Q

10 year old girl with cough, high fever and sputum production. Previously very well. Clinical examination: dullness on percussion, increased vocal fremitus and resonance, bronchial breathing - diagnosis?

A

Pneumonia

25
Q

4 causes of pneumonia in neonates?

A

GBS
E.coli
Klebsiella
Staph aureus

26
Q

2 causes of pneumonia in infants?

A

Strep pneumoniae

Chlamydia

27
Q

What child age do these cause pneumonia commonly in - Strep pneumoniae, Staph aureus, Gr A strep, Bordetella, Mycoplasma, Legionella?

A

School age children

28
Q

Give 5 differential diagnosis for: 2 year old child presenting with barking cough and difficulty in breathing of sudden onset.

A 
Inhaled foreign body
Laryngomalacia
Epiglottitis and bacterial tracheitis
Allergy
Croup
29
Q

What does a classic steeple sign with narrowing of the tracheal air column at the larynx and distension of the hypopharynx suggest?

A

Croup

30
Q

What condition is caused by viral laryngotracheobronchitis?

A

Croup

31
Q

What two clinical features are seen with croup?

A

Barking cough and stridor

32
Q

What is the treatment for croup?

A

Oral steroid to reduce inflamamtion

33
Q

9 month old infant from developing country with irratability, neck rigitity and afebrile - diagnosis?

A

Pulmonary TB

34
Q

5 common respiratory problems in children - beginning with “C”?

A 
CLD
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia
CF
Childhood pneumonias
Croup
35
Q

What condition relates to relative surfactant deficiency?

A

Respiratory distress syndrome

JL Respiratory (27 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions