Respiratory Control - Karius Flashcards
what is apneusis?
failure to turn inspiration off (stuck in inspiration)
what happens if there is a lesion in the PRG?
what fixes the problem?
cannot turn inspiration off
Vagus nerve
what determines the depth/pattern of breathing?
DRG and VRG
where does motor info go from the DRG?
phrenic –> diaphragm
the VRG has a rostral and caudal end, where are these ends directing premotor actions?
rostral for inspiratory muscles (premotor to phrenic)
caudal for expiratory muscles (premotor to upper airway)
RICE
anatomical location of: Pre-Botzinger
PRG
DRG
VRG
Medullary
Pons
Medullary/ Nucleus Tract Solitarius (NTS)
Medullary
what is apneusis a result from?
what effects does it have?
pontine damage
INC CO2, DEC O2
what is apnea?
how does it happen?
effects?
NO inspiration
damage to medullary or spine
INC CO2, DEC O2
what chemicals are chemoreceptors responsive to?
CO2, O2, H+
describe what will cause an INC in firing of the chemoreceptors
INC CO2
INC H+
DEC O2
if the chemoreceptors detect an INC in CO2 what is their outward response as a system?
activate respiratory centers and INC respiration
where are the central chemoreceptors located?
ventral surface of the medulla
what are central chemoreceptors directly sensitive to?
pH of the CSF
slowly adapting pulmonary stretch receptors are what kind?
sensitive to what? proportional to what?
where do the fibers travel?
what is their effect?
mechanoreceptors
stretch of airways (proportional to lung volume)
vagus n.
inhibit inspiration, prolong expiration
what are the slow pulm stretch receptors important for?
infants
adults exercising
