Respiratory Case Study Flashcards
Ventilation is best defined as
a) transport of gases through the blood to and from the tissues
b) movement of gases across the alveolar–capillary membrane
c) mechanical movement of gases in and out of the lungs
d) movement of gases down a pressure gradient
c) mechanical movement of gases in and out of the lungs
If the ventilation–perfusion ratio is low, it will affect arterial blood gases in which way?
a. increasedpH
b. increased PaO2
c. decreased PaCO2
d. decreased PaO2
d. decreased PaO2
Pulmonary shunt refers to?
a. blood that does not take part in gas exchange.
b. blood that by passes the lungs.
c. blood that bypasses the heart.
d. blood that does not release carbon dioxide
a. blood that does not take part in gas exchange.
Which partial statement reflects the natural movement
of gas diffusion?
a) from equal to unequal pressure
b) from high to low pressure
c) from negative to positive pressure
d) from low to high pressure
b) from high to low pressure
The body compensates for acid–base imbalances by which mechanisms? (choose
all that apply)
a. excretion of bicarbonate
b. hepatic compensation
c. Buffering
d. respiratory compensation
a. excretion of bicarbonate
c. Buffering
d. respiratory compensation
Respiratory compensation involves excretion or retention of?
a. HCO3
b. H2O
c. K+
d. CO2
d. CO2
Respiratory acidosis is caused by?
a. alveolar hyperventilation
b. alveolar hypoventilation
c. inadequate perfusion
d. excessive perfusion
b. alveolar hypoventilation
Patient situations associated with respiratory alkalosis include:
a. sedation
b. anxiety
c. pulmonary oedema
d. neuromuscular blockade
b. anxiety
Metabolic acidosis results in:
a. increased PaCO2
b. increased HCO3
c. increased base excess
d. decreased pH
d. decreased pH
The patient has the following ABG results: pH 7.48, PaCO2 38 mm Hg, HCO3 30 mEq/L. The correct acid–base interpretation of this ABG is:
a. partially compensated metabolic acidosis
b. uncompensated respiratory alkalosis
c. uncompensated metabolic alkalosis
d. partially compensated respiratory acidosis
c. uncompensated metabolic alkalosis
patient has the following ABG results: pH 7.48, PaCO2 33 mm Hg, HCO3 26 mEq/L, PaO2 68 mm Hg. The correct interpretation of this ABG is:
a. uncompensated respiratory acidosis with normal oxygenation status
b. acute respiratory alkalosis with hypoxemia
c. acute metabolic alkalosis with normal oxygenation status
d. partially compensated metabolic acidosis with hypoxemia
b. acute respiratory alkalosis with hypoxemia
If Sgt Klinger lost his surfactant production, how would it affect the lungs and alveoli?
a. alveoli would have decreased surface tension
b. increase lung compliance
c. decrease work of breathing
d. alveoli would collapse
d. alveoli would collapse
Klinger has crackles present on auscultation. The nurse knows that these are discrete, noncontinuous sounds that are?
a. caused by fluid or secretions in the small airways or alveoli
b. caused by inflammation of the pleural lining
c. caused by fluid or secretions in the large airways
d. caused by air passing through constriction in the airways
a. caused by fluid or secretions in the small airways or alveoli
Ventiation will decrease in his affected lung area because?
a. gas moves from low-pressure to high-pressure areas
b. decreased perfusion causes decreased ventilation
c. pressure gradient is increased
d. gas follows the path of least resistance
d. gas follows the path of least resistance
Ms. Jameson has developed a pulmonary shunt. What clinical manifestation would you expect?
a) hypercapnia
b) Pleuritis
c) infection
d) Hypoxia
d) Hypoxia
