Respiratory and CV Diseases Flashcards
Give five symptoms associated with acute respiratory failure.
Cyanosis, dyspnoeic, increased respiratory effort, tachycardia, tachypnoea, orthopnoeic, weak pulse, collapse, unconsciousness
What is orthopnoea?
A changed body posture, to increase respiratory efficiency. Associated with acute respiratory failure.
How could you administer oxygen therapy to a conscious patient?
Flow by, mask, nasal prongs, nasal catheter, oxygen tent, oxygen chamber
What are the signs of an upper respiratory tract disease?
Nasal discharge, sneezing, stertor and stridor.
What are the common causes of nasal discharge?
Infection, fb, inflammation, polyps, neoplasia, trauma
What are Stenotic nares? In what breeds are you likely to find them?
Narrowing of the nostrils, brachycephalic breeds.
Hat are the causes of canine chronic bronchitis?
Chronic irritation of the bronchial tree, thick mucus production, cilia can’t clear it so obstructions occur
What are the clinical signs associated with right sided heart failure?
Ascites, pleural effusion (pleural cavity filled), distended veins
What are the clinical signs associated with left side heart failure?
Pulmonary oedema, tachypnoea, dyspnoea, cough
What are the clinical signs associated with cardiac failure?
Weak peripheral pulses, exercise intolerance, weakness, syncope, R(Ascites), L(pulmonary oedema, tachycardia, dyspnoea), heart murmur/gallops , pale MM, increased CRT
What are the two cardiac bio markers tested for during blood analysis? What do they imply is wrong?
NT-proBNP = congestive heart failure
Troponin I = marker for myocardial cell damage
Describe each part of the ECG waveform.
P wave = atrial depolarisation
PR-interval= conduction of wave through atria to AVN
QRS complex= ventricular depolarisation
T wave = ventricular repolarisation
