Dermatology Flashcards
Describe roughly the home care plan for owners who’s dog has been diagnosed with Dermatophytosis (fungal infection of the skin)
Wash animal twice weekly with Malaseb, leave on for 10 minutes before rinsing off. Physically comb area daily, bleach after use. Bedding must be replaced, as well as collars and grooming utensils that cannot be bleached. Carry out thorough vacuuming daily, dispose of contents. Bleach home where possible, careful with staining.
How would you carry out investigations into a patient with suspected Dermatophytosis?
UV light with sample for 5 minutes, view in a darkened room, as some spores fluoresce. Fungus cultured for 2-3 weeks, lactophenol cotton blue used as stain and suspension medium.
Give 5 examples of flare factors in pruritus.
- Bacterial infection
- Fleas
- Anxiety/boredom
- sweating
- Dry skin and low humidity
What is the most common cause of pustules in dogs?
Staphylococcus Pseudointermedius (normal skin inhabitant), is the cause in over 98% of cases
Give an example of how skin can be damaged, to the extent where pyoderma occurs as a secondary infection.
Situations where the skin surface has been complicated and/or compromised. Continual moisture, mechanical and chemical trauma (urine scalds, scratching, friction in skin folds), covered in matted hair, exudate or grease.
Who is normally affected by superficial pustular dermatitis?
Occurs in the young, up to sexual maturity. Usually associated with poor environmental management of puppies eg dirty housing, poor nutrition, viral infection, parasites.
What are the clinical signs of superficial pruritic bacterial dermatitis and folliculitis?
Primary lesions: pustules, usually centred around hair follicle, could span two or more follicles.
Secondary lesions: crust, erosion
Peripheral spread leads to epidermal collarette
Describe treatment options for staphylococcus skin disease.
Antibiotic therapy, indicated by cytology results (course is 3 weeks and 7-10 days after clinical cure). Topical antibiotic therapy, shampoos used 2-3 times a week until clinical cure, rinse thoroughly after 10 minutes.
What are the treatment options for a lice infestation?
Moxidectin and selamectin, fipronil spray applied once, clip heavily infested animal to reduce adult load and to make topical treatments more effective.
What can complicate a harvest mite infestation? How would you treat it?
Hypersensitivity response - glucocorticoids
Spraying fipronil or permethrin flea products (can be sprayed every 2 weeks to prevent attachment)
Are harvest mites obligate parasites?
No, they live on animals for 3 days in larvae form, then drop off to continue their life cycle.
How would you treat an animal with a cheyletiellosis infestation?
Spraying with fipronil or permethrins. Selamectin monthly, Moxidectin effective
What infestations can cause hypersensitivity reactions?
Ear mites, sarcoptes scabiei, flea bites, harvest mites
