Respiratory Anatomy

Question 1

Conducting Zone 6 parts

Answer 1

• Nasal Cavity
• Pharynx
• Larynx
• Trachea
• Bronchi
• Bronchioles

Question 2

Respiratory Zone 4 parts

Answer 2

• Respiratory broncholes
• Alveolar ducts
• Alveolar sacs
• Alveoli

Question 3

Upper respiratory system 2 parts

Answer 3

Nasal Cavity

Pharynx

Question 4

Lower Respiratory system 4 parts

Answer 4

• Larynx
• Trachea
• Bronchi
• Lungs

Question 5

Movement of air during inhalation through the nose

Answer 5

Nostril

Nasal cavity

Nasopharynx

Pharynx

Question 6

Nasal Mucosae

Answer 6

Warm rich network of capillary vessels

Humidify and filter, lining of nose is ciliated mucus mebrane that also includes seromucous glands in submucosae

Question 7

Olfactory Mucosal Cells

Answer 7

Specialized mucus mebrane in superior chonchae

Rich in chemical receptors

Lack cilia

Question 8

Pharynx Function

Answer 8

• Dual function
• Passagewaay for food traveling from the oral cavity to the esophagus
• Passageway for air traveling between nasal ( or oral) cavity to larynx

Question 9

Pharynx Segments and Histo

Answer 9

Nasopharynx

Oropharynx

Laryngopharynx

Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium aka RE

Stratified squamous epithelium

Question 10

Larynx Cartilages 3

Answer 10

• Epiglotis
  
  • During swallowing covers the trachea
  • made of elastic cartilage
• Thyroid cartilage
  
  • Made of hyaline cartilage, largest
• Cicrcoid
  
  • under thyroid
  • Made of hyaline
• Larynx invloved in making sound

Question 11

Describe anatomy of right long

Answer 11

• 3 lobes
• Superior, middle and inderior
• Superior and Middle are seperated by Horizontal fissure
• Inferior lobe is seperated by Oblique fissure
• Wider than left
• Displaced by liver

Question 12

Describe Left Lung

Answer 12

• Longer
• Displced by heart
• 2 lobes
  
  • Superior and infereior
  • seperated by oblique fissure

Question 13

Bronchial Tree

Answer 13

• Primary bronchi
• Secondary Bronchi
• Teritiary Bronchi
• Bronchioles
• Terminal Broncioles
• No respiration occurs in this area

Question 14

Alveolus Structures

Answer 14

• Respiratory Bronchioles- begin respiration, gas exchange
• Alveolar ducts
• Alveolar Sacs
• Alveoli

Question 15

Alveolus histology and features

Answer 15

• SIte of gas exchange, surrounded by capillaries
• Lined with surfactant (From Type 2 cells)
  
  • prevents collapse
  • Lowers surface tension
  • Composed of lipoproteins
• Maintains thin respiratory membrane(most critical membrane in respiration)
  
  • Alveoli epithelium (type 1)
  • Alveoli epithemlium BM
  • Endothelium BM
  • Endothelium

Question 16

Bronchiolus Histology

Answer 16

• Clara cells
  
  • Immunological regulator
  • Release factors to enhance immune system
  • Considered stem cells
  • Can differentiate into any needed cell for the respiratory system

Question 17

Type I Cells

Answer 17

• Simple squamous
• Few in number, cover most of resp SA
• Imp for gas exchange
• Wide and thin
• Organelles clustered to corner
• Occluding junctions

Question 18

Type II Cells

Answer 18

• Cuboidal
• Mitotically active, can give rise to type I cells
• Secrete surfactant