Resp Pharm

Question 1

Antihistamines action

Answer 1

• Inhibit smooth muscle constriction in blood vessels, and the respiratory and GI tracts
• Decrease capillary permeability
• Decrease smooth muscle constriction in airways
• Decrease salivation and tear formation
• Act by binding with histamine receptor

Question 2

First generation antihistamines

Answer 2

Cross blood brain barrier

Sedative

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)

Dimenhydrinate (Dramamine)

Pyrilamine

Hydroxyzine

Chloropheniramine

Promethazine

Terfenadine

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Question 3

Second generation antihistamines

Answer 3

• Longer half lives
• No antimuscarinic effects
• Dont cros blood brain barrier
• Non sedative
  
  • Fexofenadine (Allegra)
  • Loratadine (Claritin)
  • Desloratadine (Clarinex)
  • Cetirizine (Zyrtec)
  • Acrivastine (Semprex-D)

Question 4

Actions of 1st generation antagonists

Answer 4

Local anesthetic effect (creams)

Reduce motion sickness (Dramamine)

Promote sleep

Question 5

Risks of second generation

Answer 5

Greater risk of cardiac arrhythmias

Question 6

Adverse effects of antihistamines

Answer 6

Mucous mebranes dryness

Cardiac stimulation

Blurred vision

Urinary retention

Question 7

Nasal decongestants

Answer 7

Adrenergic

Afrin SUdafed (psedoephedrine)

Question 8

WHen are nasal decongestants contraindicated

Answer 8

Hypertension

CAD

Narrow angle glucoma

TCA

MAOI

Question 9

Antitussives

Answer 9

Depresses cough center in medulla, increases saliva flow

Codeine, hydrocodone

Dextromethorphan

Question 10

Cold remedies contain

examples

Answer 10

Antihistamine, decongestant, analgesic

Chloropheniramine

Pseudoephedrine

Acetaminophine

Dextromethorpan

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