Respiratory

Question 1

Define breathing

Answer 1

The process of the exchange of air between the Lund’s and the environment, including inspiration and expiration

Question 2

Define respiratory membrane

Answer 2

The membrane where the diffusion of oxygen and other gases occurs between the living cells of the body and the external environment

Question 3

Define respiration

Answer 3

All processes involved in the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between cells and the environment, including breathing, gas exchange, and cellular respiration

Question 4

Define trachea

Answer 4

The windpipe

Question 5

Define cilia

Answer 5

Tiny hairlike structures found on some cells that sweep away foreign debris

Question 6

Define epiglottis

Answer 6

The structure that covers the glottis during swallowing

Question 7

Define glottis

Answer 7

The open ending of the trachea

Question 8

Define larynx

Answer 8

The voice box

Question 9

Define bronchi

Answer 9

The passages from the trachea to the left and right lung

Question 10

Define bronchiole

Answer 10

The smallest passageways of the respiratory tract

Question 11

Define alveoli

Answer 11

Sacs of the lung in which gas exchange occurs

Question 12

Define pleural membrane

Answer 12

A thin membrane that surrounds the outer surface of the lungs and lines the inner wall of the chest cavity

Question 13

Define diaphragm

Answer 13

A sheet of muscle that separates the organs of the thoracic cavity from those of the abdominal cavity

Question 14

Define intercostal muscle

Answer 14

A muscle that raises and lowers the rib cage

Question 15

The cells of the body obtain energy through ____________. Thus, ___________ is essential to survival

Answer 15

Oxidation

Oxygen

Question 16

Air enters the respiratory system through the ________ or the __________. Then, it enters the _________, then _________, then _________, then _________ and finally the _________.

Answer 16

Nose
Mouth
Pharynx 
Trachea
Bronchi
Bronchioles
Alveoli

Question 17

Define hemoglobin

Answer 17

The oxygen carrying molecule in red blood cells

Question 18

Define oxyhemoglobin

Answer 18

Hemoglobin that is bound to oxygen

Question 19

Define carbonic anhydrase

Answer 19

An enzyme found in red blood cells that speeds the conversion of carbon dioxide and water to carbonic acid

Question 20

Define buffer

Answer 20

A substance capable of neutralizing acids and bases, thus maintaining the original pH of the solution

Question 21

Define chemoreceptor

Answer 21

A specialized nerve receptor that is sensitive to specific chemicals

Question 22

Define bronchitis

Answer 22

An inflammation of the bronchial tubes

Question 23

Define emphysema

Answer 23

A respiratory disorder characterized by an over inflation of the alveoli

Question 24

Define bronchial asthma

Answer 24

A respiratory disorder characterized by reversible narrowing of the bronchial passages

Question 25

Define cardiac muscle

Answer 25

The involuntary muscle of the heart

Question 26

Define smooth muscle

Answer 26

The involuntary muscle found in the lining of many organs

Question 27

Define skeletal muscle

Answer 27

The voluntary muscle that makes the bones of a skeleton move

Question 28

Define tendon

Answer 28

A band of connective tissue that joins a muscle to bone

Question 29

Define antagonistic muscles

Answer 29

A pair of skeletal muscle that are arranged in pairs and that work against each other to make a joint move

Question 30

Define flexor

Answer 30

The muscle that must contract to bend a joint

Question 31

Define extensor

Answer 31

The muscle that must contract to straighten a joint

Question 32

Define sarcolemma

Answer 32

The delicate sheath that surrounds muscle fibres

Question 33

Define myofilament

Answer 33

A thread of contractile proteins found within muscle fibres

Question 34

Define creative phosphate

Answer 34

A compound in muscle cells that releases a phosphate to ADP and helps regenerate ATP supplies in muscle cells

Question 35

Define summation

Answer 35

Increased muscle contraction produced by the combination of stimuli

Question 36

Define tetanus

Answer 36

The state of constant muscle contraction caused by sustained nerve impulses