Respiratory Flashcards
When is the the embryonal period in lung development and what is it?
26 days - 6 weeks
Development of proximal airways (R&L bronchi & 10 segmental bronchi)
Pulmonary arteries from from 6th arch at end of 6 weeks
When is the the pseudoglandular period in lung development and what is it?
6-16 weeks
Development of terminal bronchioles, division of lobules & acini; pseudostratified columnar epithelium
Bonus answer:
8 weeks: lymphatics into lung (week 8)
10-13 weeks: cartilage, SmM, cilia, goblet cells
15-16 weeks: tubular submucosal glands
When is the the acinar/cannalicular period in lung development and what is it?
16-28 weeks
Vascularizaiton w/growth of cannaliculi (respiratory bronchioles) and alveolar ducts (eventually alveolar saccules) from terminal bronchioles
Bonus Answer:
Type II alveolar cells –> surfactant synthesis
Type I alveolar cells differentiate from Type II
Capillaries proliferate under Type I cells
Cartilage extension to distal bronchi (week 24)
When is the the saccular period in lung development and what is it?
28-34 weeks
Subdivision saccules, respiratory bronchioli, interstitial tissue shrinks, fibroblasts differentiate, production of collagen, ECM & elastin, Double capillary network, early gas exchange (32 weeks)
When is the the alveolar period in lung development and what is it?
34 weeks-2 years post natal
Lymphatics extend through interlobular septae to pleura
Double to single capillary bed (air-blood barrier = 0.2 microns)
Induction of surfactant (from 32 weeks, maternal glucocort)
Type II pneumocytes increase
What period of lung development is this?
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/285/513/744/q_image_thumb.jpg?1566651877)
Embryonal
What period of lung development is this?
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/285/513/759/q_image_thumb.jpg?1566652045)
Pseudoglandular
What period of lung development is this?
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/285/513/795/q_image_thumb.jpg?1566651975)
Pseudoglandular
What period of lung development is this?
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/285/513/827/q_image_thumb.jpg?1566652011)
Pseudoglandular
What period of lung development is this?
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/285/513/842/q_image_thumb.jpg?1566652104)
Cannalicular
What period of lung development is this?
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/285/513/866/q_image_thumb.png?1566652207)
Saccular
What period of lung development is this?
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/285/513/974/q_image_thumb.jpg?1566652304)
Saccular
What period of lung development is this?
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/285/513/973/q_image_thumb.jpg?1566652430)
Alveolar
What signals induce surfactant production from Type II pneumocytes
Exercise, hyperinflation, steroids
What gene is required for production/expression of SP-A, B, C and ABCA3
TTF-1
What are the 5 primary lipoproteins comprising surfactant?
Large: SP-A & SP-D
Small: SP-B & SP-C
When is steroid administration recommended to prevent surfactant deficient IRDS in prematurity?
28-34 weeks