Respiratory

Question 1

Name 5 groups of drugs that can cause pulmonary fibrosis

Answer 1

• Amiodarone
• Cytotoxic agents: busulphan, bleomycin
• Anti-rheumatoid drugs: methotrexate, sulfasalazine, gold
• Nitrofurantoin
• Ergot-derived dopamine receptor agonists (bromocriptine, cabergoline, pergolide)

Question 2

Name 8 drugs (or classes) that are nephrotoxic

Answer 2

Ciclosporin
Aminoglycosides
Vancomycin
Amphotericin B (antifungal)
Lithium
Loop diuretics
ACE inhibitors
NSAIDs

Question 3

Which drugs need to be prescribed in caution in asthmatics and COPD pts

Answer 3

NSAIDs (10-20% asthmatics have sensitivity reaction)
ß-blockers
Adenosine

Question 4

Why are NSAIDs risky in asthmatics?

Answer 4

10-20% will get bronchospasm/worse control
Risk increases w/nasal polyps and middle age
Uncommon in children

Question 5

What should be used instead of adenosine in asthma and COPD?

Answer 5

Verapamil

Question 6

Advice given when starting inhaled corticosteroids

Answer 6

Take every day to be effective
Effective after 3-7days
Clean spacer monthly
Use spacer and wash mouth with water to reduce risk of oral candida

Question 7

3 main drugs for pulmonary oedema (heart failure)

Answer 7

Furosemide IV
GTN infusion
Morphine

Question 8

5 drugs for acute severe asthma

Answer 8

O2
Salbutamol nebs
Ipratropium nebs
Oral prednisolone
Magnesium sulphate IV