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PSA > Antibiotics > Flashcards

Antibiotics Flashcards

1
Q

Which antibiotics should be avoided in a penicillin allergy?

A

Penicillins
Cephalosporins (eg ceftraixone)
Carbapenems (meropenem)

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2
Q

Which is the antibiotic of choice for a mild community acquired pneumonia in a penicillin allergic patient?

A

Oral as mild
Avoid penicillins and cephalosporins
Erythromycin/clarithromycin (macrolide)
Clarithro better as less nausea and only BD

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3
Q

Which 3 antibiotics should be used for exacerbations of chronic bronchitis?

A

Amoxicillin, clarithromycin or tetracycline

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4
Q

Which abx is recommended in CAP?

A

Amoxicillin (fluclox to eradicate staph if superimposed on flu)
Eythromycin/clari if pen allergic

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5
Q

Which abx is recommended in atypical pneumonia?

A

Clarithromycin (macrolide)

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6
Q

Which abx are recommended in HAP?

A

<5 days of admission: co-amoxiclav or cefuroxime
>5 days after admission: piperacillin with tazobactam OR a broad-spectrum cephalosporin (e.g. ceftazidime) OR a quinolone (e.g. ciprofloxacin)

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7
Q

Name 2 abx recommended for lower UTI

A

Nitrofurantoin or

Trimethoprim

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8
Q

Name 2 abx recommended for pyelonephritis

A

Broad spectrum cephalosporin (caftazidime) or

Quinolone (ciprofloxacin)

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9
Q

Treatment of acute prostatitis

A

Quinolone (cipro) or

Trimethoprim

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10
Q

Recommended treatment of impetigo

A 
Fusidic acid (topical)
If widespread, oral flucloxicillin/erythromycin
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11
Q

Recommended treatment of cellulitis

A

Flucloxicillin

Clarithromycin if pen allergic

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12
Q

Recommended treatment of animal/human bites

A

Co-amoxiclav

doxycyline+metronidazole if pen allergic

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13
Q

Recommended treatment of mastitis

A

Flucloxicillin

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14
Q

Recommended treatment of throat infections

A 
Penicillin V (phenoxymethylpenicillin)
erythromycin if pen allergic
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15
Q

Recommended treatment of sinusitis/otitis media

A

Amoxicillin (erythro)

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16
Q

Recommended treatment of otitis externa

A

Flucloxicillin (erythro)

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17
Q

Peridontal abscess treatment

A

Amoxicillin

Ulcerating/necrotising Metronidazole

18
Q

Recommended treatment of gonorrhoea

A

IM ceftriaxone + oral azithromycin (macrolide)

19
Q

Recommended treatment of chlamydia

A

Doxycycline (tetracycline) or azithromycin (macrolide)

20
Q

Recommended treatment of PID

A 
Ofloxacin (quinolone) + metronidazole OR
IM ceftriaxone (cephalosporin) + metronidazole + doxycycline (tetracycline)
21
Q

Recommended treatment of syphilis

A

Benzathine penicillin or doxycycline (tetracycline) or erythromycin (macrolide)

22
Q

Recommended treatment of BV

A

Oral/topical metronidazole or topical clindamycin

23
Q

Treatment of 1st episode of C diff

A

Metronidazole

24
Q

Treatment of recurring C diff

A

Vancomycin (glycopeptide)

25
Q

Treatment of campylobacter enteritis

A

Clarithromycin (macrolide)

26
Q

Treatment of salmonella

A

Ciprofloxacin (quinolone)

27
Q

Treatment of Shigellosis

A

Ciprofloxacin (quinolone)

28
Q

Which antibiotics are most likely to cause C diff?

A 
Broad spectrum
Cephalosporins most likely
Penicillins
Clindamycin
Quinolones (ciprofloxacin)
29
Q

Treatment of C diff

A

1st line oral metronidazole for 10-14days
2nd line/if severe oral vancomycin
Life threatening IV metro + vanc

30
Q

Main SE of metronidazole (and class)

A

Nitromidazole
Peripheral neuropathy
Interacts with alcohol

31
Q

Which abx should be avoided in pts taking statins? Why?

A

Clarithromycin

P450 enzyme inhibition, increases risk of rhabdomyolysis

32
Q

What abx is used prophylactically in sickle cell disease?

A

Phenoixymethylpenicillin

erythromycin if pen allergic

33
Q

How is blepharitis treated if simple hygiene methods fail?

A

Chloramphenicol 1% eye drops

34
Q

When should quinolones be prescribed with caution?

A

Epilepsy

Children (arthropathy)

35
Q

1st line treatment of meningitis in 20yr old

A

Cefotaxime
Aciclovir
Dexamethasone

36
Q

Which abx is linked with steven-johnson syndrome?

A

Sulfamethoxazole (co-trimoxazole)

All sulfonamides

37
Q

Which abx is linked with peripheral neuropathy?

A

Metronidazole

38
Q

What is the early treatment of Lyme’s disease?

A

Doxycycline

39
Q

Management of neutropenic sepsis

A

Immediately start piperacillin with tazobactam (Tazocin)

40
Q

Management for an MRSA carrier?

A

Nasal mupirocin

Chlorhexidine for the skin

41
Q

Which antibiotic reacts with alcohol?

A

Metronidazole

PSA (21 decks)

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