Respiratory-39

Question 1

What is the only organ to receive entire cardiac output

Answer 1

Lung

Question 2

Explain bronchial a circulation

Answer 2

Originate in systemic circulation and carry O2 blood to lungs

Empties dO2 blood into pulmonary v and L atrium
(So L ventricular ouput is greater than R and decreased O2 content of L ventricle)

Lymphatics drain all areas of lungs and remove foreign matter from alveoli.

Question 3

What is venous admixture

Answer 3

Fully O2 pulmonary blood mixed w/dO2 bronchial circulation

Question 4

Why is there a 10 fold difference in driving pressure between pulmonary and systemic circulations?

Answer 4

System > pulmonary pressure

Need to overcome hydrostatic pressure to push blood u`p.

Question 5

What happens during heavy exercise in pulmonary blood vessles

Answer 5

CO increases and resistance in pulmonary circulation decreases.

Pulmonary vessels can increase diameter (distend) and some vessels will open (recruitment) to allow BF.

Question 6

What is hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction

Answer 6

Decrease in alveolar O2 concentration causes vasoconstriction of BV

Question 7

What are variations in blood flow of standing adult/large animal due to?

Answer 7

Difference in arterial pressure

AKA hydrostatic pressure gradients

Question 8

Zone 1

->BF?

Answer 8

No BF due to local alveolar capillary pressure never rise above alveolar air pressure.

Only see BF in abnormal cases

Question 9

Zone 2

->BF?

Answer 9

Intermittent BF only during systolic pressure is greater than alveolar air pressure but diastolic pressure is less than alveolar air pressure

Question 10

Zone 3

->BF

Answer 10

Continuous BF through cardiac cycle

Question 11

L atrial pressure has to be what to increase pulmonary arterial pressure?

Answer 11

7-8 mmHg

Question 12

How can you get pulmonary edema?

Answer 12

Any factor that causes pulmonary IF pressure to rise from negative range into the positive range will cause sudden filling of pulmonary IF space and alveoli with large amt of free fluid

Pulmonary cap pressure must rise at least equal to colloid osmotic pressure of plasma

Can be caused by L sded heart failure and damage to pulmonary cap membrane

Question 13

Pleural effusion

• AKA
• Causes

Answer 13

Edema

Blockage of lymphatics
Cardiac failure
Greatly reduced plasma colloid osmotic pressure
Inflammation