Respiratory Flashcards
Salbutamol class
B2 agonist
Salbutamol mechanism of action
Stimulates B2 adrenoceptors in bronchial smooth muscle resulting in relaxation and bronchodilation
Salbutamol: short- or long-acting?
Short
Salbutamol indications
Acute asthma Symptomatic relief during maintenance of asthma/COPD Prevention of exercise-induced asthma Management of preterm labour Relief of bronchospasm in anaphylaxis
Salbutamol adverse effects
Tremor Palpitations Headache Hyperglycaemia (high dose) Tachycardia Muscle cramps Agitation Serious hypokalaemia (worsened by theophyllines/GCS)
Salbutamol contraindications
CVD (including HTN, IHD, CCF and arrhythmias)
Hyperthyroidism (due to CV risk)
DM (risk of hyperglycaemia)
Terbutaline class
B2 agonist
Terbutaline mechanism of action
Stimulates B2 adrenoceptors in bronchial smooth muscle resulting in relaxation and bronchodilation
Terbutaline: short- or long-acting?
Short
Terbutaline indications
Acute asthma
Symptomatic relief during maintenance of asthma/COPD
Prevention of exercise-induced asthma
Terbutaline adverse effects
Tremor Palpitations Headache Hyperglycaemia (high dose) Tachycardia Muscle cramps Agitation Serious hypokalaemia (worsened by theophyllines/GCS)
Terbutaline contraindications
CVD (including HTN, IHD, CCF and arrhythmias)
Hyperthyroidism (due to CV risk)
DM (risk of hyperglycaemia)
Salmeterol class
B2 agonist
Salmeterol mechanism of action
Stimulates B2 adrenoceptors in bronchial smooth muscle resulting in relaxation and bronchodilation
Salmeterol: short- or long-acting?
Long
Salmeterol indications
Maintenance of asthma in pts receiving inhaled/oral GCS
Maintenance of COPD
Salmeterol administration
Can be co-administered in fixed dose combined inhaler with fluticasone (GCS)
Salmeterol adverse effects
Tremor Palpitations Headache Hyperglycaemia (high dose) Tachycardia Muscle cramps Agitation Serious hypokalaemia (worsened by theophyllines/GCS)
Salmeterol contraindications
CVD (including HTN, IHD, CCF and arrhythmias)
Hyperthyroidism (due to CV risk)
DM (risk of hyperglycaemia)
Tiotropium class
Anticholinergic
Tiotropium administration
Dry powder inhaler (18mg)
Tiotropium mechanism of action
Blocks muscarinic actions of ACh, inhibiting cholinergic bronchomotor tone and promoting bronchodilation
Tiotropium: short- or long-acting?
Long
Tiotropium indications
COPD
