Respiratory Flashcards
Where does gas exchange occur?
Alveoli
What two gases are exchanged in lungs?
Co2 and O2
What is the Carina?
Part of the airway that splits into the two bronchi
Where does blood go from right ventricle?
Lungs
Where does blood come back into from the lungs?
Left atrium
What are three things to do always when assessing airway?
Visualize, Palpate, Auscaltate
What stops the body from over inflating the lungs?
The hering-breuer reflex
What is Atelectasis
Collapse of the alveoli
What is adult and pediatric tidal volume?
Adult: 5 to 7 ml/kg (500 ML)Pediatric: 6 to 8 ml/kg
What is Todal Lung Capacity (TLC)
The maximum amount of air contained in the lung at the end of maximum inspiration, in an adult it is approx. 6 litres
Where does the upper airway begin?
Above the vocal cords
The tongue is attached to the mandible and what else?
Hyoid bone
Cerebrospinal fluid that leaks from the nose is called what?
Cerebrospinal rhinorrhea
The lateral borders of the glottis are the?
Vocal cords
The spasmodic closure of vocal cords is known as what?
Laryngospasm
Digital intubation is accomplished by using which of the following?LayngoscopeYour handStyletBronchoscope
Your hand
What is ventilation
Process of moving air in and out of lungs
The phrenic nerve stimulates what?
The Diaphragm
Dysphonia is described as?
Difficulty speaking
How does carbon monoxide poisoning affect pulse oximetry readings?
Carbon monoxide binds to hemoglobin faster than oxygen thus creating false high saturation readings on pulse oximetry
What is tachypnea and bradypnea?
Increased and decreased respiratory rate
Normal end tidal Co2 range is what?
30 - 43 mmhg
What capnography wave length is indicative of bronchoconstriction
Sharkfin-like waves
What is the normal mmHG range for capnography?
35 - 45 mmHG
What does a normal capnography waveform look like?
Regular square wavelengths
After intubating a patient what should you use to monitor a patient?
Capnography
What are the three factors that affect capnography wave pattern?
Metabolism, Ventilatory Status, Perfusion
Which way does the bevel on an NPA face?
Towards the septum
What are magill forceps used for ?
Removing upper airway obstructions
What does CPAP stand for?
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure
What are some indications for CPAP usage
CHF, COPD, Fluid in Lungs
What is a curved laryngoscope blade called
Macintosh blade
Where is a miller blade designed to go to?
Past the epiglottis and lifting it up
What is a straight laryngoscope blade called?
Miller blade
How far does a stylet go into the ET tube?
Not past the murphies eye
What is the primary confirmation of ET tube placement?
Seeing the tube pass the vocal cords
