Respiratory Flashcards
Which dog breeds are over-represented for nasal planum SCC?
Labs - 50%
Goldens - ~75%
Local recurrence occurs in what percentage of cats with nasal planum SCC treated with surgery?
10%
What is the median DFI for cats with nasal planum SCC treated with surgery for an isolated tumor? For multiple locations?
Isolated - 594d (~20 mos)
Multiple - 426d (~14 mos)
For cats with nasal planum SCC treated with surgery, what is the MST for an isolated lesion? Multiple?
Isolated - ~22 mos (673d)
Multiple - ~18 mos (530d)
In dogs with nasal planum SCC treated with RT, what is the median time to recurrence?
2-3 months
For cats with nasal planum SCC treated with RT what is the overall MST?
~31 mos
What portion of the radiation penetrates and to what depth with strontium?
10%, 3 mm
Cats with nasal planum SCC treated with strontium, PFI? MST?
PFI - 57 mos (4.75 yrs)
MST - 102.5 mos (8.5 yrs)
What is the outcome after administration of intralesional carboplatin chemotherapy for cats with nasal planum SCC?
CR 73%
Local recurrence 30%
PFS 16 mos
Cats with nasal planum SCC treated with photodynamic therapy - ORR? TTR?
ORR - 95% (appx)
TTR - 157d (~5 mos)
What is the indication for cryosurgery for cats with nasal planum SCC?
Small (<5mm)
Non-invasive
Superficial
Cats with nasal planum SCC treated with cryosurgery - ORR? Recurrence rate? DFI?
ORR - ~80% (2-3 treatments)
Recurrence rate - ~15-75%
DFI - 6-27 mos
How common is sinonasal neoplasia in dogs? What is the most common tumor type?
1% of all neoplasms
Carcinomas (two thirds)
What is the metastatic rate of sinonasal neoplasia at time of death in dogs?
40-50%
Which proteins may play a role in sinonasal tumorigenesis?
p53
EGFR
VEGF
COX-2 - carcinomas
PPAR-y (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma) – involved in glucose metabolism and fatty acid storage
What is the most common clinical sign associated with sinonasal neoplasia?
Unilateral epistaxis and/or mucopurulent discharge
What is the average duration of clinical signs to diagnosis for patients with sinonasal neoplasia?
2-3 months
Which clinical presenting sign is most strongly associated with sinonasal neoplasia?
Facial deformity
What is the most common type of feline sinonasal tumors?
AH
LSA followed by epithelial tumors (carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, SCC)
What is the accuracy of cytology from endoscopic biopsies in diagnosing nasopharyngeal masses in cats according to DeLorenzi et al?
AH
An overall accuracy of 90%. However, distinguishing lymphoma from lymphoid inflammatory disease was not as accurate, and histopathologic confirmation was recommended.
What medial retropharyngeal lymph node (MRPLN) characteristics were significantly associated with neoplasia in one study of cats with sinonasal disease?
AH
Abnormal MRPLN hilus, height asymmetry, and decreased MRPLN precontrast heterogeneity.
What is the typical overall response rate for feline nasal lymphoma treated with RT and/or chemotherapy?
AH
High, between 70% and 90%.
In humans, what is the most common type of tumor affecting the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses?
What are some established risk factors for these cancers?
AH
SCC
What is the prognosis generally for cats with tracheal carcinomas?
AH
Poor. Most historically being euthanized shortly after diagnosis due to poor quality of life and rapid disease progression.