Respiratory Flashcards
bronchospasm
sudden contraction of the bronchial muscles
caused by the release of substances from mast cells or basophils
causes difficulty breathing
laryngospasm
sudden spasm of the vocal chords
may be associated with stridor or retractions
reaction to detection of water, mucus, blood or other substances
apnoea
temporary cessation of breathing
dyspnoea
shortness of breath
tachypnoea
rapid breathing
ronchi
sonorous wheezes
continuous low pitched breath sounds resembling snoring or gurgling
stridor
high pitched sound produced by turbulent airflow
result of a partially obstructed airway
cor pulmonale
alteration in the structure or function of the right ventricle of the heart responsible to blood moving to the lungs
causes pulmonary hypertension
epistaxis
nosebleed
haemoptysis
coughing up blood
hypercapnia
higher than normal levels of CO2 in the blood
hypoxaemia
lower than normal levels of oxygen in the blood
hypoxia
lower than normal levels of oxygen in the tissues
pneumonia
infection of the air sacs in one or both lungs
air sacs may fill with fluid or pus
severe cough with phlegm
fever/chills
difficult breathing
asthma
airway inflammation and hyper-responsiveness
narrowing of the airways
shortness of breath
wheezing
cough
bronchiolitis
inflammation of the bronchioles
usually caused by viral infection
common chest infection in babies and young children
cough
slight fever
wheezing
cystic fibrosis
sweat and mucus glands produce thick sticky mucus in the lungs
genetic condition
usually picked up at birth in heel prick test
impairs normal clearance of the lungs
croup
inflammation of larynx and trachea in children
loud barking cough
fever
hoarse voice
covid-19
caused by coronavirus
fever/chills
sore throat
cough
can develop complications
pneumothorax
collapsed lung
air leaking into the space between the lung and the chest wall
sudden chest pain
shortness of breath
cyanosis
severe tachycardia
