Respiratory

Question 1

Pleura sac

Answer 1

Surrounding of the lungs which occupies most of the thoracic cavity

Question 2

Parts of the pleural sac

Answer 2

Parietal pleura
Visceral pleura
Pleura space

Question 3

Parietal pleura

Answer 3

Outer liner of the lungs that adheres to the wall of the chest cavity (ribs and diaphragm)

Question 4

Visceral pleaura

Answer 4

Inner lining of the lungs that adhere to the lung

Question 5

Pleural space

Answer 5

Space in-between the layers of the pleura that contains pleural fluid

Question 6

Sections of parietal pleura

Answer 6

Cervical pp
Mediastinal pp
Costal pp
Diaphragmatic pp

Question 7

Innervation of parietal pleura

Answer 7

Somatic sensory nerves
Intercostal nerve

Question 8

Phrenic nerves origination

Answer 8

C3-C5

Question 9

Phrenic nerve innervation type

Answer 9

Motor and sensory information

Question 10

Function of pleural scpace

Answer 10

Lubricates and decreases friction
Maintains fluid surface tension that keeps the lungs open
Hydrostatic pressure pulls the membranes together (glass + water analogy)

Question 11

Function of the parietal pressure

Answer 11

Keeps the lungs inflated
Negative pressure inside the lungs sucks air in from the higher pressure outside

Question 12

Pleural recesses

Answer 12

Gaps inside the pleural space that the expanding lung can fill in

Question 13

Lobes of the R. lung

Answer 13

Superior
Middle
Inferior

Question 14

Oblique fissure R

Answer 14

Separates middle and inferior lobes of R lung

Question 15

Horizontal fissure

Answer 15

Separates superior and middle lobes of R lung

Question 16

Answer 16

Question 17

Lobes of L lung

Answer 17

Superior
Inferior

Question 18

Oblique fissure L

Answer 18

Separates S and I lobes

Question 19

Lingula

Answer 19

Notch for the heart at the bottom of the left lung

Question 20

Trachea

Answer 20

Airway, contains cartilage to keep rigid and open

Question 21

Trachealis muscle

Answer 21

Dilate/constrict airways

Question 22

What keeps the trachea open

Answer 22

C-shaped cartilage rings

Question 23

Levels of bronchi

Answer 23

Primary, secondary, tertiary

Question 24

Primary bronchi

Answer 24

Main branch off the trachea to R and L lung

Question 25

R. primary bronchi

Answer 25

Vertical, shorter, wider

Question 26

L. primary bronchi

Answer 26

Horizontal, longer, thinner

Question 27

Secondary bronchi

Answer 27

Supply the lobes of the lungs Also lobar

Question 28

How many secondary bronchi for each lung

Answer 28

R= 3 L= 2

Question 29

Tertiary bronchi

Answer 29

Supplies bronchopulmonary segments

Question 30

Bronchopulmonary segments

Answer 30

Subdivisions of each lobe that is surrounded by its own connective tissue and gets its own bronchi and pulm. artery Can be completely resected

Question 31

Hilum of the lung

Answer 31

Where vasculature goes in and out, medial to each lung, where the primary bronchus starts

Question 32

Types of blood supply to the lungs

Answer 32

Pulm. arteries and veins for gas exchange Bronchial arteries and veins to supply airways with blood, where ventilation occurs

Question 33

Sympathetic innervation to the lungs

Answer 33

Bronchodilation T1-T4 Cardiopulmonary splanchnic nerves

Question 34

Cardiopulmonary splanchnic nerves

Answer 34

Symp. innervation to the heart

Question 35

Parasympathetic innervation to the lungs

Answer 35

Bronchoconstriction and gland secretion Medulla and vagus nerve

Question 36

Volume and pressure relationship

Answer 36

Increase in volume = decrease pressure Decrease volume = increase pressure

Question 37

Inspiration - diaphragm

Answer 37

Contracts and is pulled taught and downward to increase volume and decrease pressure

Question 38

Negative pressure

Answer 38

When volume increases, decreases P relative to outside. This pressure change sucks air in

Question 39

Expiration - diaphragm

Answer 39

Relaxes and parachutes upward to decrease volume and increase pressure, pushes air out

Question 40

Alveoi

Answer 40

Where gas exchange occurs

Question 41

Cartilage in lungs

Answer 41

Keeps open so don't collapse

Question 42

Elastic tissue in lungs

Answer 42

The collapsing force to help expel air

Question 43

Anatomic dead space

Answer 43

No respiration occurring, anything above the alveoli sacs

Question 44

Functional unit of respiratory system

Answer 44

Alveoli sacs

Question 45

Phrenic muscle type

Answer 45

Voluntary smooth muscle

Question 46

Lung pain

Answer 46

Parietal pleura on mediastinal and diaphragm has phrenic innervation to pain and sensation

Question 47

Answer 47

Question 48

Answer 48

Question 49

Answer 49