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Anatomy Terms > Back muscles and vertebral column > Flashcards

Back muscles and vertebral column Flashcards

1
Q

Cervical levels and location

A

C1-C7
Base of skull to first rib

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2
Q

Thoracic levels and location

A

T1-T12
First to last rib

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3
Q

Lumbar levels and location

A

L1-L5
1st vertebra below last rib down to fused sacrum

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4
Q

Sacral level and location

A

S1-S5 Fused vertebrae

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5
Q

Coccygeal vertebrae level and location

A

Co3-4
Fused coccyx bone

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6
Q

Curvature in the spine

A

C shaped inward curve at T
C shaped outward at C and L

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7
Q

Spinous process

A

Can feel point on midline

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8
Q

Transverse process

A

In the transverse plane, where muscles and ligaments attach

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9
Q

Lamina

A

Between spinous and transverse process

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10
Q

Pedicle

A

Between vertebral arch and body
On lateral view creates intervertebral foramen

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11
Q

Intervertebral foramen

A

In between adjacent pedicles
Where spinal nerve exits

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12
Q

Superior articular facet

A

Point of top of vertebra

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13
Q

Inferior articular facet

A

Off bottom of vertebra

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14
Q

Facet joint

A

Where superior and inferior articular facet meet

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15
Q

Function of facet joint

A

Flex and bend the back

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16
Q

Pars interarticularis

A

In between transverse process, sup. inf. articular facet, and pedicle

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17
Q

Vertebral body

A

Largest part of the spine, anterior

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18
Q

Vertebral arch

A

Section posterior to vertebral body

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19
Q

Intervertebral disc

A

Fibrocartilage for shock compression

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20
Q

Vertebral foramen

A

Forms the vertebral canal where spinal comes through

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21
Q

Vertebral canal

A

Where spinal cord travels through the spine

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22
Q

Unique features of the cervical spine

A

Bifid spinous processes
Atlas and Axis vertebra
Uncinate process

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23
Q

Atlas vertebra

A

At C1, facets that join occipital bone and holds the skull

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24
Q

Axis vertebra

A

Odontoid process (dens) that allows pivoting with atlas

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25
Q

How to pivot the head

A

Atlas and axis vertebra

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26
Q

Ucinate process

A

Hook, superior projection to prevent lateral translation

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27
Q

Bifid spinous process

A

At C2 to C2, leg like projections

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28
Q

Thoracic features

A

Costal facets, where ribs connect

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29
Q

Lumbar unique features

A

Mammillary processes

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30
Q

Superficial back muscles location

A

Originate on axial skeleton and insert on scapula and humerus

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31
Q

Superficial “back” muscles

A

Migrated to back, actually upper limb so innervated by ventral ramus

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32
Q

Innervation superficial back muscles

A

Ventral ramus

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33
Q

Superficial back muscles list

A

Trapezius
Rhomboid major and minor
Levator scapular
Latissimus dorsi

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34
Q

Trapezius muscle location

A
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35
Q

Trapezius function

A

Elevation, retraction (adduction), and depression of scapula
Upward rotation

36
Q

Trapezius innervation

A

Spinal accessory nerve (CN X1)

37
Q

Unique fiber arrangement of trapezius

A

Clavicle fibers pull up
Middle fibers pull in
Lower fibers pull down

38
Q

Rhomboid major location

A
39
Q

Rhomboid minor location

A
40
Q

Function of rhomboid major and minor

A

Retraction (adduction) of scapula

41
Q

Innervation of rhomboid major and minor

A

Dorsal scapular nerve (C5)

42
Q

Levator scapulae muscle location

A
43
Q

Function of levator scapulae

A

Elevation of scapula

44
Q

Innervation of levator scapulae

A

Dorsal scapular nerve (C5)

45
Q

Latissimus dorsi location

A

Anterior humerus on top

46
Q

Latissimus dorsi function

A

Adduction, extension, and medial rotation (shoulder press) of humerus

47
Q

Innervation of latissimus dorsi muscle

A

Thoracodorsal nerve (C6-8)

48
Q
A

Trapezius

49
Q
A

Rhomboid major

50
Q
A

Rhomboid minor

51
Q
A

Levator scapulae

52
Q
A

Latissimus dorsi

53
Q

Deep back muscles location

A

Course along vertebral column

54
Q

Function of deep back muscles

A

Support and move vertebral column

55
Q

Innervation of deep back muscles

A

Dorsal rami

56
Q

Deep back muscles list

A

Splenius muscles (capitis and crevicis)
Erector spinal (iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis)
Transversospinalis muscles (semi-spinalis, multifidus, rotatores)
Suboccipital muscles

57
Q

Splenius muscles list

A

Capitis and crevicis

58
Q

Function of splenius muscles bilateral

A

Extension of head and neck

59
Q

Function splenius muscles unilateral

A

Rotation of head and neck

60
Q

Erector spinal muscles list

A

Iliocostalis
Longissimus
Spinalis

61
Q

Function of erector spinal muscles bilateral

A

Posture, vertebral extension

62
Q

Iliocostalis muscle

A
63
Q

Function of erector spinal muscles unilateral

A

Lateral vertebral flexion (lean to side)

64
Q

Longissimus muscle

A
65
Q

Spinalis muscle

A
66
Q

Transversospinalis muscles list

A

Semi-spinalis, multifidus, rotatores

67
Q

Transversospinalis muscles function

A

Posture

68
Q

Semi-spinalis muscle

A
69
Q

Multifidus muscle

A
70
Q

Rotatores muscle

A
71
Q

Suboccipital muscles location

A
72
Q

Formation of suboccipital muscles

A

Creates a triangle where the vertebral artery goes through which supplies the posterior region of the brain

73
Q
A

Suboccipital muscles

74
Q
A

Transversospinalis muscles

75
Q
A

Semi-spinalis

76
Q
A

Multifidus muscle

77
Q
A

Rotatores muscle

78
Q
A

Erector spinal muscles

79
Q
A

Iliocostalis muscle

80
Q
A

Longissimus muscle

81
Q
A

Spinalis muscle

82
Q
A

Splenius muscles

83
Q
A

Capitis muscle

84
Q
A

Cervicis muscle

85
Q
A

Anatomy Terms (5 decks)

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