Respiratory Flashcards
The nose, nasal cavity, mouth, pharynx, and larynx are included in the?
Upper respiratory system
The trachea, lungs, and bronchial tree are included in the?
Lower respiratory system
What are the components of the respiratory system?
Parts of airway, lungs, or respiratory muscles
What structures are included in the airway?
Nose, nasal cavity, mouth, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and bronchi network
What lines the airway?
Cilia
What does the cilia do?
Traps microbe and debris and sweep them back toward the mouth
What are the structures that house bronchi and bronchial network?
Lungs
The bronchi and bronchial network extend into lungs and terminate millions of?
Alveoli (air sacs)
What are only one cell thick allowing for gas exchange with surrounding blood capillaries?
Alveoli walls
How many lobes does the right lung have?
3 lobes
How many lobes does the left lung have?
2 lobes
Why does the left lung have only two lobes?
To leave room for the heart on the left side of the body
What surrounds the lungs?
Pleural membrane
The pleural membrane reduces friction between the?
Surfaces when breathing
Respiratory muscles include the?
Diaphragm and intercostal muscles
Dome shaped muscle that separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities?
Diaphragm
What muscles are located between the ribs?
Intercostal muscles
What are the four functions of the respiratory system?
Gas exchange, filters air, responsible for speech, and sense of smell
Respiratory system supply body with _______ and get rid of _____?
Oxygen; Carbon dioxide
Where does gas exchange occur?
In millions of tiny alveoli, which are surrounded by blood capillaries
Air is warmed, moistened, and filtered as it passes through?
Nasal passages before it reaches lungs
Air passes through the throat, it moves through the ______ which vibrates and produces sound before it enters ______?
Larynx; Trachea
Respiratory system is vital in?
Cough production
The larynx is called the?
Voice box
The trachea is called the?
Windpipe
Foreign particles that enter the nasal passages or airways are ______ from body by respiratory system?
Expelled
What are located in the nasal cavity respond to airborne chemicals?
Chemoreceptors
Chemoreceptors also help the body maintain?
Acid base homeostasis
Hyperventilation increases blood by pH during ______ (low pH).
Acidosis
Slowing the breathing during ________ (high pH) helps to lower blood pH.
Alkalosis
During the breathing process the diaphragm and intercostal muscles contraction to?
Expand the lungs
_______ or inhalation, diaphragm contracts and moves down, increasing chest cavity size?
Inspiration
Intercostal muscles contract and rib expands, increasing?
Increasing chest cavity size
As volume of chest cavity increases, the pressure inside?
Decreases
Outside air is under greater amount of pressure than air inside lungs resulting in?
Air rushing into the lungs
Diaphragm and intercostal muscles relax, chest cavity size decreases, forcing air out lungs _______ happens?
Expiration
Expiration is also called?
Exhalation
Expiration breathing process is controlled by brain stem portion called?
Medulla oblongata
Medulla monitors the level of ______ _____ in the blood?
Carbon dioxide
Medulla signals the breathing rate to increase when?
Carbon dioxide levels are too high
