Respiratory Flashcards
Common asthma triggers
Cold air, exercise, emotions, NSAIDs, pollen, house, dust mites, cigarettes
What % change is required to show bronchodilator reversibility (asthma diagnosis)
15%
Most common example of a Long Acting Beta-agonist
Salmeterol
How does salbutamol work?
Short-acting Beta-2 Agonists which increases sympathetic activity and relaxes smooth muscle in bronchi
Which physiological marker is used to monitor COPD progress?
FEV1
What is the acute management of Type 2 respiratory failure
Oxygen via venturi mask (to avoid loss of hypoxic drive)
Management of pneumonia in COPD
Antibiotics, steroids, ABGs, CPAP/BPAP (NIV), salbutamol/ipratropium nebulisers
Which patients are a contraindication to LTOT?
Smokers
Signs on examination of pneumonia
Decreased chest expansion, dull percussion, bronchial breathing, increased vocal resonance, increased tactile fremitus
What values are used in CURB 65?
Confusion, urea (>7), RR (>30) BP (<90/60), age (>65)
Most common causes of community acquired pneumonia
Haemophilus influenza, s. pneumonia, mycoplasma pneumonia
What drugs should you stop when you give amoxicillin and clarithromycin in pneumonia
Statins - increased risk of myositis
What CURB 65 score indicates hospital admission
> 1
Complications of pneumonia
AF, myocarditis, pericarditis, pleural effusion, pleural effusion, empyema, shock, lung abscess, cholestatic jaundice
Describe percussion in pneumothorax
Hyper-resonant
