Neurology

Question 1

Which type of aneurysm is typically the cause of SAH and is this an arterial / venous bleed?

Answer 1

Berry aneurysm - arterial

Question 2

Which conditions are associated with SAH?

Answer 2

ADPKD, Ehler Danlos, aortic coarctaction

Question 3

Symptoms of SAH

Answer 3

Thunderclap headache, collapse, vomiting , photophobia, seizures, visual disturbance, coma

Question 4

What does Kernig’s sign demonstrate?

Answer 4

Meningeal irritation

Question 5

What is a positive Kernig’s sign?

Answer 5

Hip and knee flexed to 90 degrees, pain when knee extended

Question 6

What is seen on CT head in SAH?

Answer 6

Star sign (blood mixed into CSF)

Question 7

What is seen in LP in SAH?

Answer 7

Xanthochromia

Question 8

Which type of brain bleed has a lucid interval of normal GCS?

Answer 8

Extradural haemorrhage

Question 9

Is an extradural haemorrhage arterial or venous?

Answer 9

Arterial

Question 10

Is a subdural haemorrhage arterial or venous?

Answer 10

Venous

Question 11

What is seen on CT head in subdural haematoma

Answer 11

Crescent shape

Question 12

What is seen on CT head in extradural haematoma?

Answer 12

Biconvex / lens shape

Question 13

What else can be seen on CT head in blain bleeds?

Answer 13

Midline shift, compression of ventricles

Question 14

Risk factors of stroke

Answer 14

AF/valvular disease, hypertension, smoking, excess alcohol, hyperlipidaemia, DM, COCP, polycythaemia rubra vera, TIA

Question 15

Most common cause of cerebral infarct and treatment option?

Answer 15

Carotid artery atherosclerosis - carotid endardectomy