Respiratory Flashcards
You are conducting a respiratory assessment on a 4 year old child who has a chest infection. You hear crackles in the lung bases. What does this sound like?
Fine short high pitched sound
Which of the following is a sign of a compromised airway in the A-G assessment?
Stridor
What are the steps of an A-G assessment?
A-airway
B- Breathing
C- Circulation
D- Disability
E - Exposure
F - Fluids
G - Glucose
What rate is ‘normal breathing’, and what are its characteristics?
12-20, symmetrical bilateral chest expansion with no use of accessory muscles, no ‘strange’ breath sounds and no excessive sputum.
What is a URTI?
Upper respiratory tract infection
When is medical intervention usually needed for a URTI?
if bacterial infection occurs
What are the three URTI’s most commonly seen in children?
Croup, epiglottis and Pertussis
Is Croup viral or bacterial
Viral
What does/can Croup cause to happen to the airways?
odema, inflamation of the upper airway and laryngeal mucosa causing narrowing in subglottic region
What is the most common pathogen causing croup called?
Parainfluenza
What signs and symptoms characterise Croup?
inspiratory stridor, hoarseness, fever and a barking cough, nasal flaring and intercostal recession
What is a sign suggesting that Croup is life-threatening?
Hypoxia is a late sign
What is Epiglottitis?
inflammation of the epiglottis
.
.
How does Epiglottitis threaten a patients airway?
Swelling and odema of the epiglottis and surrounding tissue pushes the epiglottis posteriorly. - can cause complete obstruction can occur within hours and result in death.
What are some clinical manifestations of a child with epiglottitis /
Inspiratory and expiratory Stridor
pallor, lethargy, drooling, fever and extreme anxiety, Full fowlers with mouth open and chin thrust forward, difficulty swallowing, muffled voice.
What are some general signs of increased WOB?
Nasal flaring, use of accessory muscles.
What are some signs and symptoms that a person is experiencing respiratory distress?
supraclavicular and intercostal recession
What should an assessment for a person experiencing an acute asthma attack be?
Focused and timely
How often do you Assess respiratory status on a Asthma patient?
every 5-10 minutes initially, and as condition improves, 1-2 hourly
What advice would a RN give to a patient around using their inhaler?
4 puffs (AD)
Use with a spacer, up to 4x more effective.
Always keep an inhaler on hand (in case of an attack)
A whistling sound heard on auscultation
WHEEZE
What is the word for Difficulty in breathing?
DYSPNOEA
What intervention can help patients to maximise their lung function while the patient is in bed?
POSITIONING
What is a chronic inflammatory disease due to hyperresponsivenss of the airway?
ASTHMA
What is an infection of the lungs involving an acute inflammatory response that impairs the alveoli and interferes with ventilation
PNEUMONIA
What are abnormal lung sounds heard on auscultation when air passes through secretions or collapsed alveoli pop open
CRACKLES
What is a condition in which partial pressure oxygen in arterial blood is below the normal range
HYPOXAEMIA
What is a device used to vaporise liquid medications for inhalation
NEBULISER
