Respiratory Flashcards
what is bronchiectasis
chrnoic widening of the bronchus and their branches causing risk of infection
emphysema
damage and rupture of the avleoli
what does a barrel chest mean
hyperinflated chest
COPD
obstructive
idiopathis pulmonary disease
restrictive
asthma
obstructive
sleep apneoa
obstructive
bronchiectasis
obstructive
cystic fibrosis
obstructive
asbestosis
restrictive
sarcoidosis
restrictive
most common organism in bronchiectasis
haemophilus influenzae
COPD features on CXR
1) hyperinflation
2) flattened hemidiaphragms
3) hyperlucent lung fields
what is lights criteria and what does it show
distinguish between exudate and transudate
exudate: >30g/L
transudate: <30g/L
where does tuberculosis cause pulmonary fibrosis
upper zone
CURB65
C: Confusion
U: urea >7mmol
R: rr >30
B: sys 90 or dys 60
65: over 65yrs
what is mesothelioma
cancer of the mesothelial layer of the pleural cavity, strongly associated with asbestos exposure
confusion in an asthma attack is
a life threatening feature
what is the PEFR score for moderate, severe, life threatening asthma
moderate: 50-75%
severe: 33-50%
life threatening: <33%
tx for alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency
lung volume reduction surgery
what is adult respiratory distress syndrome
acute condition characterised by pulmonary infiltrates and severe hypoxemia
what is the tx for obstructive sleep apnoea
weight loss then CPAP
asbestosis pc
SOBOE
clubbing
bilateral end-inspiratory crackles
mesothelioma is caused by
cancer commonly caused by asbestosis
bronchiectasis
persistent cough
sputum production
recurrent episodes of fever
normal pCO2 is an indication of
life threatnening asthma, due to high RR driven by hypoxia
what type of lung cancer can cause Cushing’s syndrome
Small cell lung cancer secreting ACTH
pulmonary embolism abg causes
respiratory alkalosis
What does obstructive in resp mean?
Conditions that make it hard to exhale all the air in the lungs
What does restrictive in resp mean
People with difficulty fully expanding their lungs with air
