respiratory Flashcards
how much medication can a nebulizer deliver equivalent to?
1 meter dose inhaler puff
glucocorticoid mechanism
anti-inflammatory, reduce mucosal edema and secretions, reducing bronchospasm
glucocorticoid route uses
PO, IV - acute asthma and COPD exacerbations
Inhaled - prophylactic and maintenance therapy
Intranasal - allergic rhinitis
short acting Beta 2 selective drugs
albuterol, levalbuterol
long acting Beta 2 selective drugs
salmeterol, formoterol, arformoterol
Black box warning for long acting beta 2 drugs
do not give for acute asthma
xanthine mechanism
inhibits phosphodiesterase to cause smooth muscle relaxation and bronchodilation (aminophylline and theophylline)
aminophylline maximum rate of administration
25 mg/min
therapeutic level of theophylline
10-20 mcg/ mL
theophylline toxicity symptoms
Nausea, vomiting, headaches, gastric discomfort, diuresis, insomnia, cardiac arrhythmias, tachycardia, tremor, behavioral disturbances, epileptic seizures
anticholinergic respiratory drugs mechanism
indirectly causes airway relaxation and dilation, decreases secretions by blocking Ach
anticholinergic respiratory drug examples
ipratropium and tiotropium
when is epinephrine given?
severe allergic reaction or anaphylaxis IM or IV
leukotriene antagonist
blocks the process of inflammation, bronchoconstriction, and mucus production
leukotriene antagonist drugs
zafirlukast, montelukast (block receptors for leukotrienes)
zileuton (block synthesis of leukotrienes)
mast cell stabilizer mechanism
stabilize the cell membrane and suppress the inflammatory chemicals
mast cell stabilizer drug
cromolyn sodium via nebulizer
